Long-lasting neurotoxicity of prenatal benzene acute exposure in rats

Pumo, Roberta Lo; Bellia, Marco; Nicosia, Angelo; Micale, Vincenzo; Drago, Filippo

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.001

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Since genetic factors alone have been shown to only account for a small percentage of ASD patients (Torre‐Ubieta, Won, Stein, & Geschwind, ), there has been increasing interest in identifying environmental factors that may be involved in the etiology of ASD. Exposure to environmental toxicants such as air pollution, pesticides, heavy metals, industrial compounds, as well as contracting infectious diseases during pregnancy, have been associated with increased ASD risk in both epidemiological and animal studies (Allen et al., ; De Felice, Scattoni, Ricceri, & Calamandrei, ; Kalkbrenner, Schmidt, & Penlesky, ; Lo Pumo, Bellia, Nicosia, Micale, & Drago, ; Ornoy, Weinstein‐Fudim, & Ergaz, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Phenotyping for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Mice

2017

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by alterations in three behavioral symptom domains: social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors. Increasing prevalence of ASD in recent years suggests that exposure to environmental toxicants may be critical in modulating etiology of this disease. As clinical diagnosis of autism still relies on behavioral evaluation, it is important to be able to assess similar behavioral traits in animal models, to provide biological plausibility of associations between environmental exposures and ASD. Rodents naturally exhibit a large number of behaviors that can be linked to similar behaviors in human. In this unit, behavioral tests are described that are relevant to the domains affected in ASD. For the repetitive domain, the T-maze spontaneous alternation test and marble burying test are described. For the communication domain, neonatal ultrasonic vocalization and olfactory habituation test toward social and non-social odor are described. Finally, for the sociability domain, the three chambered social preference test and the reciprocal interaction test are presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Phenotyping for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Mice

2017

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“…The acute effect of BTEX compounds in different organisms is well documented in the literature (Pumo et al, 2006;Gao et al, 2014;Camara-Lemarroy et al, 2015). In African earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae), 96 h LC 50 values for exposure to xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene and benzene were 0.011 mmol/kg, 0.014 mmol/kg, 0.013 mmol/kg, and 0.024 mmol/kg, respectively (Doherty et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Researchers have also linked neurotoxicity and loss of reflexes in factory workers to exposure to certain concentrations of benzene (Mandiracioglu et al, 2011). Pumo et al (2006) reported behavioral, motor, and cognitive changes in the neonates of pregnant animals acutely exposed to benzene. In rats, toluene, ethylbenzene and the three isomers of xylene caused reduced body weights at birth and developmental delay (Thiel and Chahoud, 1997;Saillenfait et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Study and Genetic Basis of BTEX Susceptibility in Drosophila melanogaster

2020

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Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, also known as BTEX, are released into environmental media by petroleum product exploratory and exploitative activities and are harmful to humans and animals. Testing the effects of these chemicals on a significantly large scale requires an inexpensive, rapidly developing model organism such as Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, the toxicological profile of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene in D. melanogaster was evaluated. Adult animals were monitored for acute toxicity effects. Similarly, first instar larvae reared separately on the same compounds were monitored for the ability to develop into adult flies (eclosion). Further, the impact of fixed concentrations of benzene and xylene on apoptosis and mitosis were investigated in adult progenitor tissues found in third instar larvae. Toluene is the most toxic to adult flies with an LC 50 of 0.166 mM, while a significant and dose-dependent decrease in fly eclosion was observed with benzene, p-xylene, and o-xylene. An increase in apoptosis and mitosis was also observed in animals exposed to benzene and p-xylene. Through Genome Wide Association Screening (GWAS), 38 regions of the D. melanogaster genome were identified as critical for responses to p-xylene. This study reveals the strength of D. Melanogaster genetics as an accessible approach to study BTEX compounds.

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“…The mES cells toxicity model is a cell model and lacks metabolism enzymes, so the chronic toxicity of benzene cannot be determined through exposure in our experiment. Previous research showed that prenatal benzene exposure could cause filial generation longlasting changes in motor behavior and cognitive processes (Lo Pumo et al, 2006). Exposure to some VOCs including benzene and other toxicants mainly derived from engine exhausts during the fetus and infant period was related to childhood cancer (Knox, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An effort to test the embryotoxicity of benzene, toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde to murine embryonic stem cells using airborne exposure technique

Shen

Yuan

Zeng

2009

Inhalation Toxicology

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Benzene, toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde are well-known indoor air pollutants, especially after house decoration. They are also common pollutants in the working places of the plastic industry, chemical industry, and leather industry. It has been reported that these pollutants cause people to be irritated, sick, experience a headache, and be dizzy. They also have the potential to induce asthma, aplastic anemia, and leukemia, even cause abortion or fetus malformation in humans. In this study, the airborne toxicity of benzene, toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde to murine embryonic stem cells (mES cells) were tested using airborne exposure technique to evaluate the mES cell airborne exposure model on embryotoxicity prediction. Briefly, mES cells were cultured on Transwell inserts and were exposed to an airborne surrounding of test chemicals in a chamber for 1 h at 37 degrees C. Cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT assay after further culture for 18 h at 37 degrees C in normal medium. The airborne IC(50) (50% inhibition concentration) of benzene, toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde derived from the fitted dose-response curves were 17,400 +/- 1290, 16,000 +/- 250, 4680 +/- 500, and 620 +/- 310 ppm, respectively. Formaldehyde was found to be the compound most toxic to mES cells compared to benzene homologues. The toxicity data had good correlation with the in vivo data. The results showed that the mES airborne exposure model may be used to predict embryotoxicity of volatile organic compounds.

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Long-lasting neurotoxicity of prenatal benzene acute exposure in rats

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Behavioral Phenotyping for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Mice

Behavioral Phenotyping for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Mice

Toxicological Study and Genetic Basis of BTEX Susceptibility in Drosophila melanogaster

An effort to test the embryotoxicity of benzene, toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde to murine embryonic stem cells using airborne exposure technique

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