Long-Distance Retrograde Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin A

Antonucci, Flavia; Rossi, Chiara; Gianfranceschi, Laura; Rossetto, Ornella; Caleo, Matteo

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0375-08.2008

Cited by 378 publications

(446 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Some evidence of the central mechanisms of the antinociceptive activity of BTX‐A has been shown. Although the evidence is limited, axonal transport of BTX‐A from the periphery to the central nervous system has been demonstrated 15, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35. In a recent study by Marinelli et al, BTX‐A was subcutaneously injected into the plantar surface of the hind paw of a sciatic nerve injury mouse model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum toxin type A for neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury

Han

Song

et al. 2016

Annals of Neurology

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the analgesic effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) on patients with spinal cord injury‐associated neuropathic pain.MethodsThe effect of BTX‐A on 40 patients with spinal cord injury‐associated neuropathic pain was investigated using a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled design. A 1‐time subcutaneous BTX‐A (200U) injection was administered to the painful area. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (0–100mm), the Korean version of the short‐form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization WHOQOL‐BREF quality of life assessment were evaluated prior to treatment and at 4 and 8 weeks after the injection.ResultsAt 4 and 8 weeks after injection, the VAS score for pain was significantly reduced by 18.6 ± 16.8 and 21.3 ± 26.8, respectively, in the BTX‐A group, whereas it was reduced by 2.6 ± 14.6 and 0.3 ± 19.5, respectively, in the placebo group. The pain relief was associated with preservation of motor or sensory function below the neurological level of injury. Among the responders in the BTX‐A group, 55% and 45% reported pain relief of 20% or greater at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, after the injection, whereas only 15% and 10% of the responders in the placebo group reported a similar level of pain relief. Improvements in the score for the physical health domain of the WHOQOL‐BREF in the BTX‐A group showed a marginal trend toward significance (p = 0.0521) at 4 weeks after the injection.InterpretationThese results indicate that BTX‐A may reduce intractable chronic neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury. Ann Neurol 2016;79:569–578

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum toxin type A for neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury

Han

Song

et al. 2016

Annals of Neurology

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“…The dominant mechanism for the long-term duration of BoNT/A activity is the unusual stability of its proteolytic light chain in the cytosol. It may persist for at least 180 days in vivo, and 80 days in vitro in rodents (Antonucci et al, 2008;Keller et al 1999). Persistence of BoNT/A protease in the cytosol is presumably mediated by toxin's light chain resistance to proteasomal degradation .…”

Section: 2 Duration and Extent Of Bont/a-induced Synaptic Paralysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By employing BoNT/A enzymatic activity detection, axonal transport of active BoNT/A molecules was found in the rodent visual system and facial nerve using an antibody specific to the product of BoNT/A proteolytic activity (Antonucci et al, 2008). Unlike radioactively- hemisphere.…”

Section: Axonal Transport Of Enzymatically Active Bont/a In the Cnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum toxin A, brain and pain

Matak

Lacković

2014

Progress in Neurobiology

141

113

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“…It is unclear whether this is an effect of intramuscular BoNT-A injections or reduced growth rates in children with spastic CP in general. Controlled Introduction Intramuscular botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) injections result in a partial chemo-denervation of skeletal muscle [1] and are widely used in the management of focal spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) [2,3]. The use of BoNT-A in children with spastic type CP is not considered to be a stand-alone treatment [4], and when combined with physiotherapy and the use of orthoses, may have a small to moderate effect on improving gait outcomes [5,6] and functional capacity [7,8] during the pharmaceutically active period (*2-6 months).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of botulinum toxin injection frequency on calf muscle growth in young children with spastic cerebral palsy: A 12-month prospective study

Barber

Hastings-Ison

Baker

et al. 2013

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

100

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Purpose This study was a 12-month prospective investigation of changes in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle morphology in children aged 2-5 years with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) who had received no previous intramuscular injections of botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) and were randomised to receive either single or multiple (three) BoNT-A injections to the gastrocsoleus. MG morphological changes were compared to age-matched typically developing (TD) peers. Methods Thirteen children with spastic CP with a mean age of 45 (15) months and 18 TD children with a mean age of 48 (14) months participated in the study. The principal outcome measures were MG muscle volume, fascicle length, pennation angle and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), which were obtained using 2D and 3D ultrasound.Results The single and multiple injection frequency groups significantly increased MG muscle volume at 12 months relative to the baseline by 13 and 15 %, respectively. There were no significant differences in the MG muscle volume 28.5 (12.3) versus 30.3 (3.8) ml, fascicle length 48.0 (10.4) versus 44.8 (1.2) mm or PCSA 7.0 (1.2) versus 6.6 (1.7) cm 2 between the single and multiple injection groups, respectively, at 12 months follow-up. The change in MG muscle volume in the single and multiple injection groups was significantly lower than the TD peers by 66 and 60 %, respectively. Interpretation In young children with spastic CP, naive to BoNT-A treatment, MG muscle growth over 12 months does not appear to be influenced by intramuscular BoNT-A injection frequency. However, MG muscle growth in the spastic CP groups was significantly lower than the agematched TD peers. It is unclear whether this is an effect of intramuscular BoNT-A injections or reduced growth rates in children with spastic CP in general. 123J Child Orthop (2013) 7:425-433 DOI 10.1007 investigations and longitudinal studies with multiple measurement time points are required in order to determine the influence of BoNT-A treatment on muscle physiological and mechanical growth factors in young children with spastic CP.

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Long-Distance Retrograde Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin A

Abstract: Botulinum neurotoxins (designated BoNT/

Cited by 378 publications

References 43 publications

Botulinum toxin type A for neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury

Botulinum toxin type A for neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury

Botulinum toxin A, brain and pain

The effects of botulinum toxin injection frequency on calf muscle growth in young children with spastic cerebral palsy: A 12-month prospective study

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