Long-Distance Movements of Transient Coyotes in Eastern North Carolina

Hinton, Joseph W.; Chamberlain, Michael J.; Manen, Frank T. van

doi:10.1674/0003-0031-168.2.281

Cited by 16 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, transients routinely exhibited localized movements (i.e., clusters of locations) for several weeks that averaged 32.8 km 2 , and those areas appeared analogous to small home ranges in both size and habitat composition. Previously, we observed similar space use by transient coyotes and referred to them as biding areas [33,56]. Likewise, we also suggest this behavior may provide benefits to the red wolf population because it increases survivorship of transients via familiarity of areas they roam and, when opportunities arise, they replace residents that die.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Therefore, we did not refer to transient space use as home ranges and core areas. Instead, we considered 95% and 50% contour intervals for transients as composite transient ranges and biding areas, respectively [33,56]. To calculate temporal changes in home-range size, we divided each year into 2 6-month seasons based on agricultural activity: growing (1 March–31 August) and harvest (1 September–28 February).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus)

et al. 2016

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Recovery of large carnivores remains a challenge because complex spatial dynamics that facilitate population persistence are poorly understood. In particular, recovery of the critically endangered red wolf (Canis rufus) has been challenging because of its vulnerability to extinction via human-caused mortality and hybridization with coyotes (Canis latrans). Therefore, understanding red wolf space use and habitat selection is important to assist recovery because key aspects of wolf ecology such as interspecific competition, foraging, and habitat selection are well-known to influence population dynamics and persistence. During 2009–2011, we used global positioning system (GPS) radio-telemetry to quantify space use and 3rd-order habitat selection for resident and transient red wolves on the Albemarle Peninsula of eastern North Carolina. The Albemarle Peninsula was a predominantly agricultural landscape in which red wolves maintained spatially stable home ranges that varied between 25 km2 and 190 km2. Conversely, transient red wolves did not maintain home ranges and traversed areas between 122 km2 and 681 km2. Space use by transient red wolves was not spatially stable and exhibited shifting patterns until residency was achieved by individual wolves. Habitat selection was similar between resident and transient red wolves in which agricultural habitats were selected over forested habitats. However, transients showed stronger selection for edges and roads than resident red wolves. Behaviors of transient wolves are rarely reported in studies of space use and habitat selection because of technological limitations to observed extensive space use and because they do not contribute reproductively to populations. Transients in our study comprised displaced red wolves and younger dispersers that competed for limited space and mating opportunities. Therefore, our results suggest that transiency is likely an important life-history strategy for red wolves that facilitates metapopulation dynamics through short- and long-distance movements and eventual replacement of breeding residents lost to mortality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus)

et al. 2016

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“…Coyotes are known to disperse long distances (Carbyn andPaquet 1986, Harrison 1992), and growing evidence suggests that such dispersal occurs regularly within the recently occupied Southeastern Coastal Plain. Hinton et al (2012) Pitt et al 2003). The proportion of the coyote population in our study area that were transients or dispersers is unknown, but the high mobility and transient nature of many coyotes likely facilitated rapid recolonization of our treatment units (Harrison 1992, Knowlton et al 1999.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coyotes are known to disperse long distances (Carbyn and Paquet , Harrison ), and growing evidence suggests that such dispersal occurs regularly within the recently occupied Southeastern Coastal Plain. Hinton et al () reported dispersal distances by 3 coyotes ranged from 77 km to 393 km, and we trapped a radio‐collared coyote that traveled approximately 430 km from its original capture location in Auburn, Alabama. Similar movements have been recorded in eastern North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia (M. Elfelt, North Carolina State University, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coyote removal, understory cover, and survival of white-tailed deer neonates

et al. 2014

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Predation by coyotes (Canis latrans) on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) neonates has led to reduced recruitment in many deer populations in southeastern North America. This low recruitment combined with liberal antlerless deer harvest has resulted in declines in some deer populations, and consequently, increased interest in coyote population control. We investigated whether neonate survival increased after coyote removal, whether coyote predation on neonates was additive to other mortality sources, and whether understory vegetation density affected neonate survival. We monitored neonate survival for 4 years prior to (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) and 3 years during (2010-2012) intensive coyote removal on 3 32-km 2 units on the United States Department of Energy's Savannah River Site, South Carolina. We removed 474 coyotes (1.63 coyotes/km 2 per unit per year), reducing coyote abundance by 78% from pre-removal levels. The best model (w i ¼ 0.927) describing survival probability among 216 radio-collared neonates included a within-year quadratic time trend variable, date of birth, removal treatment, and a varying removal year effect. Under this model, survival differed between pre-treatment and removal periods and it differed among years during the removal period, being >100% greater than pre-treatment survival (0.228) during the first removal year (0.513), similar to pre-treatment survival during the second removal year (0.202), and intermediate during the third removal year (0.431). Despite an initial increase, the overall effect of coyote removal on neonate survival was modest. Mortality rate attributable to coyote predation was lowest during the first removal year (0.357) when survival was greatest, but the mortality rate from all other causes did not differ between the pretreatment period and any year during removals, indicating that coyote predation acted as an additive source of mortality. Survival probability was not related to vegetation cover, either directly or in interaction with coyote abundance. When the objective is to increase the recruitment of white-tailed deer, we conclude that neither coyote control nor vegetation management appear effective. Reduction of the antlerless harvest may be necessary to meet this objective, but this harvest strategy warrants additional research in Southeastern deer populations. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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“…Coyotes are wide-ranging carnivores that can change their space use to better adapt to the environment (Andelt 1985;Gese et al 1988;Kamler and Gipson 2000;Hinton et al 2012a;Morin 2015). Coyotes aggressively defend small, mutually exclusive territories when adequate resources are available, but may use large territories which overlap with other individuals when resources are limited (Andelt 1985;Kamler and Gipson 2000;Hinton et al 2012b;Morin 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal space use of transient and resident coyotes (Canis latrans) in North Carolina, USA

et al. 2019

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Coyote (Canis latrans Say, 1823) is a recent immigrant into eastern United States, and little is known about the species' space use and movement in the region. We compared space use and movement of radio-collared coyotes among biological seasons. We captured and collared 30 coyotes from February through May 2011 and collected 85,386 GPS locations through October 2012 at Fort Bragg Military Installation. We defined 4 biological seasons according to coyote life history: breeding (December-February), gestation (March-May), pup-rearing (June-August), and dispersal (September-November). Out of 27 radio-collared individuals, we identified 10 as transient and 11 as resident based on home range size and variability across seasons; 6 switched their status and were classified as intermediate. We observed low variability of core area size across seasons for resident males and females, whereas we documented high variability for transient males. Movement rate of resident coyotes during spring (449.75 m/hr) was greater than summer (295.33 m/hr), whereas movement rates did not differ between any other seasons. For transient coyotes, movement rate during summer (283 m/hr) was less than fall (374.73 m/hr), spring (479.85 m/hr), and winter (488.5 m/hr). Some coyotes adjusted their residency status seasonally and other individuals dispersed large distances (> 200 km).

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Long-Distance Movements of Transient Coyotes in Eastern North Carolina

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus)

Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus)

Coyote removal, understory cover, and survival of white-tailed deer neonates

Seasonal space use of transient and resident coyotes (Canis latrans) in North Carolina, USA

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