Long-day-adaptedSolanum phureja as a source of resistance to blackleg caused byErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica

Lees, A. K.; Maine, M. J. De; Nicolson, M. J.; Bradshaw, J. E.

doi:10.1007/bf02358087

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The only exception in our results is that long-day colonies of S.phureja and hybrids of this genotype with other S.phureja cultivars are illustrated as resistant to blackleg (LEES et al, 2000) however, in all of our tests, this genotype showed huge susceptibility (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Scorecontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…First of all, four potato cultivars, including Farmosa, Agria, Picaso, Marafona, and one wild potato cultivar: Solanum phureja, in 3 replication of each with different reactions to the disease were selected (LEES et al, 2000;BAGHERI and ZAFARI, 2005) Afterwards, five evaluation methods (Figure1), listed below, were carried out to determine the most appropriate in vitro inoculation method:…”

Section: Inoculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing inoculation methods for in vitro evaluation of resistance to blackleg disease in potato cultivars

et al. 2022

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To find the best inoculation method for evaluation of the resistance in potato genotypes against bacterial blackleg caused by Pectobacterium atrosepticum under in vitro conditions, five inoculation methods were compared. In vitro grown explants of five potato genotypes were inoculated with different inoculation methods, then placed on MS solid medium and incubated at 23?C with 70% relative humidity under the light regime of 16 hours a day. After the appearance of symptoms, the efficiency of inoculation methods was then recorded based on the severity of disease symptoms in potato genotypes: Farmosa, Agria, Picaso, Marfona and a wild potato genotype ?Solanum phureja'. Plantlets inoculated by piercing the crown with sterile toothpick inoculated in bacterial suspension of 108 cfu/ml showed the most severe symptoms. Based on all experiments, cultivar Marfona showed higher resistance among all cultivars and, cultivar Agria was the most susceptible. Finally, after witnessing the reactions of different varieties to inoculation methods and comparing them with previous evaluations of resistance in greenhouse conditions, the crown treatment employing sterile toothpick after infection in 108 cfu/ml bacterial suspension was selected and introduced as the best evaluation method of in vitro potato explants against blackleg.

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Section: Scorecontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Inoculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing inoculation methods for in vitro evaluation of resistance to blackleg disease in potato cultivars

et al. 2022

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“…A marked strain was applied in order to be able to monitor pathogen colonization. After the plants had reached the height of approximately 15–20 cm (vegetation stage 3 ‘stem elongation’ according to the vegetation stages defined by Hack et al 1993), they were infected with strain IPO161:: gusA 110 by applying a modified toothpick protocol as published by Lees et al (2000). Cell material of a fresh Eca colony was taken from 10% TSA (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) solid medium with an autoclaved wooden toothpick, which was then inserted into the plant stem (2–3 cm above soil surface).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizosphere bacteria affected by transgenic potatoes with antibacterial activities compared with the effects of soil, wild-type potatoes, vegetation stage and pathogen exposure

Rasche

Hödl

Poll

et al. 2006

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

147

105

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A greenhouse experiment was performed to analyze a potential effect of genetically modified potatoes expressing antibacterial compounds (attacin/cecropin, T4 lysozyme) and their nearly isogenic, nontransformed parental wild types on rhizosphere bacterial communities. To compare plant transformation-related variations with commonly accepted impacts caused by altered environmental conditions, potatoes were cultivated under different environmental conditions, for example using contrasting soil types. Further, plants were challenged with the blackleg pathogen Erwinia carotovora ssp. atroseptica. Rhizosphere soil samples were obtained at the stem elongation and early flowering stages. The activities of various extracellular rhizosphere enzymes involved in the C-, P- and N-nutrient cycles were determined as the rates of fluorescence of enzymatically hydrolyzed substrates containing the highly fluorescent compounds 4-methylumbelliferone or 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin. The structural diversity of the bacterial communities was assessed by 16S rRNA-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were established for the flowering conventional and T4 lysozyme-expressing Desirée lines grown on the chernozem soil, each line treated with and without E. carotovora ssp. atroseptica. Both genetic transformation events induced a differentiation in the activity rates and structures of associated bacterial communities. In general, T4 lysozyme had a stronger effect than attacin/cecropin. In comparison with the other factors, the impact of the genetic modification was only transient and minor, or comparable to the dominant variations caused by soil type, plant genotype, vegetation stage and pathogen exposure.

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“…At stem elongation stage (vegetation stage 3 as defined by Hack et al . 1993), plants were infected with Eca by applying a modified tooth pick protocol (Lees et al . 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T4 lysozyme expression was verified by real-time PCR using RNA isolated from roots (data not shown); expression of attacin and cecropin genes was verified by Northern blot analysis (Kopper 1999;Keppel 2000). At stem elongation stage (vegetation stage 3 as defined by Hack et al 1993), plants were infected with Eca by applying a modified tooth pick protocol (Lees et al 2000). For inoculation, Eca strain IPO161::gusA110 (PRI, Wageningen, the Netherlands), carrying the gusA gene in control of the ptac promotor and the lacI q repressor gene (Wilson et al 1995), was used to monitor pathogen colonization.…”

Section:  mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of transgenic potatoes expressing anti‐bacterial agents on bacterial endophytes is comparable with the effects of plant genotype, soil type and pathogen infection

Rasche

Velvis

Zachow

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Ecology

111

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Summary1. Blackleg and soft rot disease of potatoes Solanum tuberosum L., mainly caused by the bacterial pathogen Erwinia carotovora ssp. atrospetica (Eca), lead to enormous yield losses world-wide. Genetically modified (GM) potatoes producing anti-bacterial agents, such as cecropin/attacin and T4 lysozyme, may offer effective future pathogen control strategies. Because of concerns about undesirable ecological side-effects of GM crops, it is important to analyse the potential environmental impact of GM crops carefully. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of GM potatoes with anti-bacterial activity on the diversity and functional abilities of bacteria colonizing the intercellular spaces and vascular tissues (endosphere) of potato plants. 2. A greenhouse experiment was performed to analyse the effect of GM potatoes expressing either attacin/cecropin or T4 lysozyme on endophytic bacterial communities. Endophytic bacteria colonizing the GM potato lines as well as their nearly isogenic wild types were analysed at two vegetation stages. In order to compare GM-related variations with impacts caused by changing environmental conditions, potatoes were cultivated in two different soil types, and challenged with the pathogen Eca. Endophytic diversity was assessed by 16S rRNA-based terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Cultivated community members were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis and screened for a range of plant growth-promoting and plant pathogenantagonistic abilities. 3. Both genetic transformation events induced a differentiation in the community structures of associated bacterial populations and in the related functional abilities of cultivated bacterial endophytes. In comparison with the other factors analysed, the impact of both genetic modification types was minor or comparable with the variations caused by plant genotype, vegetation stage, pathogen exposure and soil type. 4. Synthesis and applications. This study has shown that the expression of anti-bacterial proteins may affect bacterial endophytes; however, the impacts were no greater than those of other factors analysed. Future risk assessment studies of GM crops should consider different environmental factors. This study contributes to the ongoing risk assessment of GM crops and provides valuable baseline information for prospective GM crop assays.

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Long-day-adaptedSolanum phureja as a source of resistance to blackleg caused byErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Comparing inoculation methods for in vitro evaluation of resistance to blackleg disease in potato cultivars

Comparing inoculation methods for in vitro evaluation of resistance to blackleg disease in potato cultivars

Rhizosphere bacteria affected by transgenic potatoes with antibacterial activities compared with the effects of soil, wild-type potatoes, vegetation stage and pathogen exposure

Impact of transgenic potatoes expressing anti‐bacterial agents on bacterial endophytes is comparable with the effects of plant genotype, soil type and pathogen infection

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