Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Hamosh, Margit; Salem, Norman

doi:10.1159/000014017

Cited by 94 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Whether nutrition or reduced brain DHA and AA is part of the pathology behind the delays in brain development and function has not been reported. It is notable that the transitional milk from the sows was similar to that reported for women consuming Western diets [40]. The omnivorous diet of humans supports greater amounts of DHA in maternal milk [25,40] and may prove advantageous to infant DHA status during Dex treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…It is notable that the transitional milk from the sows was similar to that reported for women consuming Western diets [40]. The omnivorous diet of humans supports greater amounts of DHA in maternal milk [25,40] and may prove advantageous to infant DHA status during Dex treatment. Nevertheless, LC PUFA status is likely vulnerable to the effects of Dex in the very premature infant with minimal fat stores and fed milk formula without AA or DHA or intravenous lipid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

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Sows’ Milk Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Reductions in Liver Docosahexaenoic Acid

Petryk

Weiler²

2002

Neonatology

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The objective was to determine the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on growth and arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid status. Piglets were randomized to suckling or formula feeding plus Dex or placebo treatment for 15 days. Weight and length at the beginning and end of study was used to assess growth. After 15 days, AA and DHA in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were measured in liver and plasma and total AA and DHA in forebrain and brainstem. Dex treatment significantly reduced weight and length. Dex reduced liver PC and PE DHA in the formula group, but the reduction in the suckled group was not significant. PC AA and DHA were positively related in liver and plasma. A main effect of Dex to reduce AA and DHA was observed in forebrain but not in brainstem. Sows’ milk attenuated the Dex-induced reduction in liver DHA but not forebrain AA and DHA or somatic growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Sows’ Milk Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Reductions in Liver Docosahexaenoic Acid

Petryk

Weiler²

2002

Neonatology

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“…4,20). However, animal studies have shown that when n-3 fat sources are inadequate during early neural development, then the levels of brain and retinal DHA decline (4,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). This has also been confirmed in autopsy studies of human infants that were fed a vegetable oil-based formula with low n-3 fat sources vs. breast-feeding in which preformed DHA was present (25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Dha Compositionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the nervous system

Salem

Litman

Kim

et al. 2001

Lipids

819

508

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This review describes (from both the animal and human literature) the biological consequences of losses in nervous system docosahexaenoate (DHA). It then concentrates on biological mechanisms that may serve to explain changes in brain and retinal function. Brief consideration is given to actions of DHA as a nonesterified fatty acid and as a docosanoid or other bioactive molecule. The role of DHA-phospholipids in regulating G-protein signaling is presented in the context of studies with rhodopsin. It is clear that the visual pigment responds to the degree of unsaturation of the membrane lipids. At the cell biological level, DHA is shown to have a protective role in a cell culture model of apoptosis in relation to its effects in increasing cellular phosphatidylserine (PS); also, the loss of DHA leads to a loss in PS. Thus, through its effects on PS, DHA may play an important role in the regulation of cell signaling and in cell proliferation. Finally, progress has been made recently in nuclear magnetic resonance studies to delineate differences in molecular structure and order in biomembranes due to subtle changes in the degree of phospholipid unsaturation.Paper no. L8776 in Lipids 36, 945-959 (September 2001)

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“…AA is also the principal n-6 fatty acid in the brain; together with n-3 PUFAs, it plays an important role in the development of the infant brain (Hamosh and Salem, 1998). A strong relationship has been reported between the AA level in plasma and firstyear growth in preterm infants (Carlson et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Conditions for the Post-Harvest Storage of Rhizoids of the Brown Seaweed Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyta) for Arachidonic Acid Production

Khan¹,

Kang²,

Park³

et al. 2012

Fisheries and aquatic sciences

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The non-utilized biomass of the aquacultured seaweed Undaria pinnatifida, particularly the rhizoid, is an alternative source of arachidonic acid (AA). Of the five aquacultured kelps that were tested, U. pinnatifida yielded the highest amount of AA, which was isolated from the rhizoids. Its identity (C20:4 n-6) was confirmed from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry spectral data. The optimal conditions for post-harvest storage or pretreatment of the rhizoids in Provasoli's enriched seawater for AA extraction were determined to be pH 7.8, 2% CO 2 -enriched air, 20 μmol m -2 s -1 light, and 10°C. Under these conditions, the AA content after 1 day of storage was enhanced by up to 127%. In the absence of light under ambient aeration, the AA content after 1 day of storage diminished to 90%. Rhizoids collected late in the season (April and May) contained the highest amounts of AA (approximately 2.5 mg/g tissue).

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Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Cited by 94 publications

References 79 publications

Sows’ Milk Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Reductions in Liver Docosahexaenoic Acid

Sows’ Milk Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Reductions in Liver Docosahexaenoic Acid

Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the nervous system

Optimal Conditions for the Post-Harvest Storage of Rhizoids of the Brown Seaweed Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyta) for Arachidonic Acid Production

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