Long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men

Rosell, Magdalena; Lloyd-Wright, Zouë; Appleby, Paul N.; Sanders, Thomas A. B.; Allen, Naomi E.; Key, Timothy J.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.2.327

Cited by 193 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Some previous studies have shown that although substantial differences might exist between intake of some specific fatty acids in different dietary groups, the differences in actual status are often smaller than (Rosell et al 2005;Welch et al 2010). This applies to our results, since even when statistically significant, the differences were moderate.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Consumption of dairy products of biodynamic origin is correlated with increased contents of rumenic and trans-vaccenic acid in the breast milk of lactating women

et al. 2011

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Our previous work showed that incorporation of organic dairy products in the maternal diet may lead to increased contents of the conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) in human breast milk, which might positively affect infant's health. Now, the effect of biodynamic-a special form of organic-dairy products in the diet on the CLA content in human breast milk has been analysed. The content of rumenic acid (the main CLA) in breast milk was higher in the women consuming biodynamic products (n =64, 0.323% of total fat, P<0.001) than in the women with a conventional diet (n=175, 0.254%), with the group of women consuming other dairy products including organic (but not biodynamic) showing an intermediate value (n=44, 0.279%). The contents of the CLA-precursor trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) paralleled those of rumenic acid, whereas the opposite was found for those of elaidic acid that often occurs in high concentrations in partially hydrogenated fats. Both the higher contents of CLA and TVA as well as the lower level of elaidic acid in the milk of women consuming biodynamic products might conceivably contribute to a better infant's health.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Consumption of dairy products of biodynamic origin is correlated with increased contents of rumenic and trans-vaccenic acid in the breast milk of lactating women

et al. 2011

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“…They also reported a LC n-3 PUFA intake of 510 mg/d in omnivore subjects, however it should be noted that only 10 subjects were assessed, and a small number of these consumed considerable levels of fish, thus limiting the representative nature of the population group (55). A more recent British study also reported lower proportions of plasma EPA and DHA in vegetarians and vegans compared to omnivores (56). Although the total n-3 PUFA intakes were similar in the MME group and both vegetarian groups (due to LNA levels), total n-6 PUFA intakes were significantly higher in the vegan and ovolacto groups because of their larger intakes of LA.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 80%

Fatty acid composition of habitual omnivore and vegetarian diets

Mann

Pirotta

O’Connell

et al. 2006

Lipids

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High-fat diets are implicated in the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and obesity. Large intakes of saturated and trans FA, together with low levels of PUFA, particularly long-chain (LC) omega-3 (n-3) PUFA, appear to have the greatest impact on the development of CVD. A high n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio is also considered a marker of elevated risk of CVD, though little accurate data on dietary intake is available. A new Australian food composition database that reports FA in foods to two decimal places was used to assess intakes of FA in four habitual dietary groups. Analysis using the database found correlations between the dietary intakes of LC n-3 PUFA and the plasma phospholipid LC n-3 PUFA concentrations of omnivore and vegetarian subjects. High meat-eaters (HME), who consumed large amounts of food generally, had significantly higher LC n-3 PUFA intakes (0.29 g/d) than moderate meat-eaters (MME) (0.14 g/d), whose intakes in turn were significantly higher than those of ovolacto-vegetarians or vegans (both 0.01 g/d). The saturated FA intake of MME subjects (typical of adult male Australians) was not different from ovolacto-vegetarian intakes, whereas n-6:n-3 intake ratios in vegetarians were significantly higher than in omnivores. Thus, accurate dietary and plasma FA analyses suggest that regular moderate consumption of meat and fish maintains a plasma FA profile possibly more conducive to good health.

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“…Intervention studies with ALA in ω-3 PUFA-deficient patients have demonstrated marked increases in plasma concentrations of EPA [9][10][11]. In addition, vegans on a plant-based diet with no source of EPA and DHA in their diets have shown low but stable DHA levels in their blood [12,13]. Together, these findings preliminarily demonstrated the convertibility of ALA into EPA and DHA in humans.…”

Section: Premise and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Vascular effects of the Mediterranean diet—Part II: Role of omega-3 fatty acids and olive oil polyphenols

Scoditti

Capurso

et al. 2014

Vascular Pharmacology

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Long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men

Cited by 193 publications

References 37 publications

Consumption of dairy products of biodynamic origin is correlated with increased contents of rumenic and trans-vaccenic acid in the breast milk of lactating women

Consumption of dairy products of biodynamic origin is correlated with increased contents of rumenic and trans-vaccenic acid in the breast milk of lactating women

Fatty acid composition of habitual omnivore and vegetarian diets

Vascular effects of the Mediterranean diet—Part II: Role of omega-3 fatty acids and olive oil polyphenols

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