Loneliness in Relation to Depression and Self-Esteem

Ouellet, Richard; Joshi, Purushottam

doi:10.2466/pr0.1986.58.3.821

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…How ever, research shows that loneliness is more strongly related to individu als' perceptions of social isolation than to objective indices of their actual social networks, such as their number of friends (Williams & Solano, 1983). Not surprisingly, then, loneliness is also associated with low self-esteem (Haines, Scalise, & Ginter, 1993;Quellet & Joshi, 1986, Vaux, 1988. In one study, adolescents who scored low in self-esteem more commonly reported feeling dejected and isolated.…”

Section: The Sociometer Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Role of Low Self-Esteem in Emotional and Behavioral Problems: Why is Low Self-Esteem Dysfunctional?

Leary¹,

Schreindorfer²,

Haupt³

1995

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

202

132

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Low self-esteem has been linked to a number of emotional and behavioral problems. This article examines the relationship between low self-esteem and a variety of psychological difficulties from the standpoint of the sociometer model of self-esteem. According to this model, the behavioral concomitants of low self-esteem are best viewed as reactions to real, anticipated, or imagined rejection rather than as consequences of low self-esteem per se. Evidence relevant to this hypothesis is reviewed as it relates to dysphoric emotions, substance abuse, irresponsible sexual behavior, aggression, membership in deviant groups, and eating disorders. Implications of this approach for treating certain psychological problems are also discussed.Low self-esteem ranks among the strongest predictors of emotional and behavioral problems. Compared to people with high self-esteem, people with low self-esteem tend to be more anxious, depressed, lonely, jealous, shy, and generally unhappy. They are also less assertive, less likely to enjoy close friendships, and more likely to drop out of school. Further more, they are more inclined to behave in ways that pose a danger to themselves or others: low self-esteem is associated with unsafe sex, teenage pregnancy, aggression, criminal behavior, the abuse of alcohol and other drugs, and membership in deviant groups (for reviews, see

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Section: The Sociometer Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Depression is one emotion that is strongly related to low self-esteem (Battle, Jarratt, Smit, & Precht, 1988;Hammen, 1988;Quellet & Joshi, 1986;Rawson, 1992;Smart & Walsh, 1993). Although depression may be precipitated by a wide variety of events, both social and nonsocial, feeling excluded is certainly one such event.…”

Section: The Sociometer Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of Low Self-Esteem in Emotional and Behavioral Problems: Why is Low Self-Esteem Dysfunctional?

Leary¹,

Schreindorfer²,

Haupt³

1995

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

202

132

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“…and Bentler (1992), Hollinger (1985), and Mullis and McKinley (1989) showed that self-esteem The Journul of' Genetic Psychology tively related to measures of masculinity/instrumentality. Moran and Eckenrode (1991) extended the work of Ouellet and Joshi (1986) by demonstrating the link between social support, social stress, and self-esteem among adolescent boys and girls. Knox, Funk, Elliott, and Bush (1996) investigated the relationship of "possible selves" (categories of self-concept) to global self-esteem and found that females' self-esteem is related to multiple domains of possible selves, whereas males' self-esteem is related to only one domain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Gender Differences in Adolescent Self-Esteem: An Exploration of Domains

Quatman

Watson²

2001

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

131

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The relationship between gender and global self-esteem in adolescence, while modest, has been well established, with boys consistently scoring higher than girls. In the present study, we sought to understand gender differences in adolescent self-esteem in terms of its component parts. With a relatively large (n = 545) sample of adolescents, drawn from Grades 8, 10, and 12, we specified 8 domains of adolescent self-esteem (personal security, home/parents, peer popularity, academic competence, attractiveness, personal mastery, psychological permeability, and athletic competence) across a number of different instruments and brought them together into a common assessment superstructure. Gender differences as well as the relative contributions of the different domains to overall self-esteem scores were measured. As predicted, boys attained slightly higher global self-esteem scores than girls did, by a difference of .22 standard deviation units. Contrary to our expectation of more balanced domain effects, boys significantly outperformed girls in 6 of 8 domains, whereas the 2 remaining domains exhibited no significant gender differences. There were no main or interaction effects for grade level. In terms of relative contribution of these domains to global self-esteem for the 2 genders, global self-esteem in boys and girls is predicted in very similar strengths and in the same order of magnitude by identical domains of self-esteem: home/parents, personal security, academic competence, attractiveness, and personal mastery--yielding multiple R2s from .88 to .91.

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“…As early as 1967, psychologists, such as Beck, reported that feelings of loneliness were related to depression (Beck, 1967). Since then, the relationship between loneliness and depression has been substantiated in a variety of populations, including adolescents (e.g., Joiner et al, 2002;Moore & Schultz, 1983) and college students (e.g., Ouellet & Joshi, 1986;Rich & Bonner, 1987;Wilbert & Rupert, 1986). In a study of almost 2,000 adolescents, elevated loneliness predicted the onset of a major depressive episode, even controlling for initial depression (Joiner et al, 2002).…”

Section: Loneliness and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%