Lollards

Abstract

Literary references to “Lollards” may appear as early as 1382. Origin of the derogatory term is uncertain, although it has been attributed to a Middle Dutch reference to mumbling and possibly to a Latin word for “tares.” In the early years, notable persons were accused of Lollardy including Sir Richard Stury, Sir John Montagu, Margery Kempe, Sir John Oldcastle, and Sir John Cheyne. After 1401, Lollards from the spectrum of society were condemned and executed; however, after 1430, most accused Lollards were artisans and tradespersons.