Logik der Forschung

Поппер, Карл

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-4177-9

Cited by 1,079 publications

(384 citation statements)

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“…That is, none of the studies discussed above (1) involved a logical or formal analysis of the complete set of alternative of hypotheses and (2) used experimental procedures that could allow for strong-inference (e.g., Platt, 1964;Popper, 1935) tests of those hypotheses (i.e., falsification of all but one of the alternative hypotheses). Without this type of analysis and these types of tests, not only are alternative and possibly contradictory explanations viable, but also it is not clear what the set of alternative conceptions might be.…”

Section: The Dual-mode Hypothesis As a Processing Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A strong test of the dual-mode hypothesis

Ingvalson

Wenger

2005

Perception & Psychophysics

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Section: The Dual-mode Hypothesis As a Processing Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A strong test of the dual-mode hypothesis

Ingvalson

Wenger

2005

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…The critical description of what Newell & Simon (1972) call the "mechanism of generate and test" is characteristic of this approach, in which the internal parameters may be modified or altered when needed through feedback and an exhaustive search is impractical (Popper, 1935).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design of the seed protector started in 1996 and followed a classic trial-and-error strategy for dealing with a complex problem: a) establish a basic approach strategy or prototype, b) design a first prototype, c) observe the effects, d) correct for undesired effects, e) observe the effects of the corrections, and f) progressively correct and observe (Popper, 1935;Poyla, 1945). In this experiment we compared seed survival and seedling establishment in direct acorn seeding with three seed protection treatments: no seed protector (C: control), a simple wire mesh plate (MP: mesh plate), and the P4 seed protector (SP: seed protector).…”

Section: Problem Description and Inventive Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing acorn protection for direct seeding of quercus species in high predation areas

Reque¹,

Martín²

2015

For. syst.

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Aim of the study: a) To present the trial-and-error approach followed in the design and patent of a manufactured seed and seedling protector effective against mice and voles, rabbits, wild boar and deer (http://bopiweb.com/elemento/829172/). b) To assess the viability of direct oak seeding with and without protection in the complex acorn predation reality of post fire restoration and underplanting in existing pine afforestations.Study area: Northern Plateau of Spain, in an area of extreme acorn predation.Material and methods: We followed a classical trial-and-error approach for problem solving. Different modifications to a wire mesh screen cylinder were tested in subsequent trials aiming to evaluate the effects on acorn predation and early emerging plant survival and growth. The final protector is based on a thin wire mesh cylinder with three innovations: a truncated cone, a circular crown and a sphere compartment. Further we assessed the viability of direct oak seeding with and without protection in the complex acorn predation reality of post fire restoration and underplanting in existing pine afforestations.Main results: The manufactured seed protector was found to be effective against synergic attacks of mice, rodents, wild boars and herbivores. Survival of protected oak was 77% under canopies and 32% in open light conditions two years after sowing.Research highlights: Our results confirm the viability of direct oak seeding for woodland restoration if seed predation is controlled. Keywords: sowing; underplanting; trial-and-error; seed protector; afforestation; oak.

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“…Methodos significa camino 17,18 y ahora la ciencia y su método definen lo que debe entenderse por realidad y verdad. Así, es la ciencia psiquiátrica la que determina qué son los trastornos mentales: "¡El médico [psiquiatra] pasó de demiurgo a filósofo racionalista y científico!"…”

Section: Razón Artística Y Razón Científicaunclassified

El camino a la locura: Ofelia en el arte de Shakespeare

2015

Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr.

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The treatment of psychic abnormality and madness which we find in Shakespeare's L a locura ha estado presente desde los albores de la humanidad 1,2 y a partir de la época moderna su estudio fue asumido casi exclusivamente por la ciencia psiquiátrica [3][4][5] . La locura acompaña al hombre de modo ininterrumpido por cuanto es una condición que es parte constitutiva de su existencia -pertenece a su esencia el poder perder la razón [6][7][8] . De ahí que, además de la ciencia, ha sido objeto de exploración por las demás ramas del saber y, entre ellas, el arte ha conseguido un puesto decisivo. Después de los trágicos griegos [9][10][11][12][13] , Shakespeare ha sido determinante en "la invención de lo humano" 14 , penetrando en la subjetividad inherente al volverse loco.El presente estudio analizará el camino a la locura de Ofelia. Después de diferenciar el acercamiento desde la ciencia y el arte, mostrará el tránsito progresivo de Ofelia hacia la sinrazón, para terminar con las insuperables aporías que surgen, porque, según Polonio, "definir la verdadera locura, ¿qué es sino nada más que estar loco?" (II,2, 94) 15 . Razón artística y razón científicaLa revolución científica del siglo XVII cambió la mirada: desde las cosas mismas (physis) a un método riguroso para acceder a ellas 16 . Methodos significa camino 17,18 y ahora la ciencia y su método definen lo que debe entenderse por realidad y verdad. Así, es la ciencia psiquiátrica la que determina qué son los trastornos mentales: "¡El médico [psiquiatra] pasó de demiurgo a filósofo racionalista y científico!" [19][20][21][22] . También la locura aparece en el arte porque el arte es asimismo un método, pero radicalmente diferente [23][24][25] . Ambos métodos difieren en el concepto de verdad: para "la razón científica", es certeza-precisión objetiva 26,27 ; para "la razón artística", esclareci-

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Logik der Forschung

Cited by 1,079 publications

References 0 publications

A strong test of the dual-mode hypothesis

A strong test of the dual-mode hypothesis

Designing acorn protection for direct seeding of quercus species in high predation areas

El camino a la locura: Ofelia en el arte de Shakespeare

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