Logging residue removal after thinning in Nordic boreal forests: Long-term impact on tree growth

Helmisaari, Heljä‐Sisko; Hanssen, Kjersti; Jacobson, Staffan; Kukkola, Mikko; Luiro, Jukka; Saarsalmi, Anna; Tamminen, Pekka; Tveite, Bjørn

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.02.015

Cited by 157 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, the effect of harvesting residues on SOC is time limited, because C and N increase temporally because of residues becoming incorporated into the soil (Black and Harden 1995, Knoepp and Swank 1997, Smethurst and Nambiar 1990, and the increase in soil C and N is shortlived [less than 4 years, according Smethurst and Nambiar (1990)]. Nevertheless, some authors have reported that intensified biomass extraction slightly decreased forest growth and thus the biomass carbon stock and litter input to the soil (Helmisaari et al 2011;Palosuo et al 2008).…”

Section: Mitigation Effect Of Several Management Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon balance for different management practices for fast growing tree species planted on former pastureland in southern Europe: a case study using the CO2Fix model

et al. 2012

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Although it is known that forestry mitigates carbon emissions to some degree, there is still a need to investigate the extent to which changes in forest management regimes affect the carbon cycle. In a climate-change scenario, forest management schemes must be optimized to maximize product supply and minimize environmental impacts. It is difficult to predict the mitigating effects of different silvicultural regimes because of differences in the growth characteristics of each species, destination of products, and industrial efficiencies. The objective of the present study was to use a modeling approach to evaluate the effects of different management regimes for fast growing species in southern temperate Europe in relation to mitigating climate change. A comprehensive study was carried out considering the C sink effect in biomass, soil and wood products, the substitutive effect of bioenergy, and particular conditions of the forest industry in southern Europe. The mechanistic CO 2 Fix model was parameterized for three species used in fast growing plantations in southern Europe: Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus nitens, and Pinus radiata. Data from 120 plots covering the complete age range observed for each species were used to calculate changes in C stocks in aboveground biomass and organic and mineral soil and to validate the parameterized model for these conditions. Additional information about the efficiency of forest industry processes in the region was also considered. A strong bias in soil organic carbon estimation was observed and attributed to overestimations in the decomposition rates of soil compartments. Slight bias was also observed in the carbon biomass estimation when forest-specific yield models were used to simulate afforestation over former pastureland. As regards the model sensitivity, the Yasso model was strongly robust to turnover of leaves, roots, and branches. The chip wood production alternative yielded higher carbon stock in biomass and products, as well as in bioenergy substitution effect, than the sawn wood production alternative. Nevertheless, the sawn wood alternative was the most effective as regards the C stock in the soil. Site index had an important effect for all species, alternatives, and compartments, and mitigating effects increased with site index. Harvesting of clearcutting and thinning slash for bioenergy use led to a slight decrease in the soil carbon equilibrium but significantly increased the mitigation effect through bioenergy use.

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Section: Mitigation Effect Of Several Management Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon balance for different management practices for fast growing tree species planted on former pastureland in southern Europe: a case study using the CO2Fix model

et al. 2012

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“…However, it is also claimed that resulting in situ carbon stock remains less than for stands in unmanaged forests, pointing to a trade-off (Hynynen et al 2005, Lasch et al 2005, Seidl et al 2007, Nunery and Keeton 2010. Several authors have proved the negative effects of intensified forest management on productivity (Sterba 1988, Merganicová et al 2005, Helmisaari et al 2011). In addition, biodiversity maintenance may reduce timber production (Boscolo and Vincent 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Forest Management affects Ecosystem Services, including Timber Production and Economic Return: Synergies and Trade-Offs

Duncker

Raulund‐Rasmussen

Gundersen

et al. 2012

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. 2012. How forest management affects ecosystem services, including timber production and economic return: synergies and trade-offs. ABSTRACT. Forest ecosystems deliver multiple goods and services and, traditionally, forest owners tend to have a high interest in goods in the form of merchantable wood. As a consequence, forest management often aims to increase timber production and economic returns through intervention into natural processes. However, forests provide further services, including carbon sequestration, water quantity and quality, and preservation of biodiversity. In order to develop and implement strategies for sustainable forest management, it is important to anticipate the long-term effects of different forest management alternatives on the ability of the forest to provide ecosystem goods and services. Management objectives might emphasize economic interests at the expense of other services. Very few attempts have been made to illustrate and evaluate quantitatively the relationship between forest goods and services. By use of virtual but realistic datasets, we quantified, for multiple services, the effects of five forest management alternatives that form an intensity gradient. Our virtual forest management units represented Central European forest ecosystems in the submontane vegetation zone under a humid-temperate climate with acidic soils. In this zone the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is the dominant tree species. In order to assess the effects on ecosystem services, the untouched natural forest reserve served as a reference. Wherever possible, response functions were deduced to couple the various services via stand-level data to demonstrate trade-offs between the services. Management units comprised all development phases in the sense of a "normal forest". It was clearly illustrated that maximizing the rates of biomass production and carbon sequestration may conflict with protection of authentic biodiversity. Several silvicultural operations may, however, have positive effects on biodiversity and water protection without high costs. We also illustrated that water quality and maintenance of soil fertility may be affected either positively or negatively by several forest management operations. In contrast, water quantity was only minimally influenced by forest management. For the virtual forest in a humid climate, differences of 70 mm/yr in runoff were negligible. Under dry continental conditions, however, such differences may have important implications for groundwater formation.

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“…on harvesting experiments or fertilisation experiments. To minimise the risk of nutrient depletion, it is important to develop methods for leaving the nutrient-rich foliage on site (Helmisaari et al, 2011). In forestry practice, piles of branches and tops are often left in the forest for periods of up to one year before removal, in order for as much as possible of the foliage to fall off (Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Harvesting Intensity On Soil and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conventional stem-only timber harvesting (SOH), where branches and tops are left in the forests, the organic material will decay on the site and nutrients are thus returned to the biogeochemical cycle. In whole-tree harvesting (WTH), branches and tops are removed, although in practice the amount removed is about 60-80% (Helmisaari et al, 2011). As a large part of the nutrients in trees are located in the foliage and branches, removing these will reduce the supply of nutrients and organic matter to the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Consequences of Increased Biomass Removal for Bioenergy from Boreal Forests

Clarke¹

2012

Sustainable Forest Management - Current Research

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Logging residue removal after thinning in Nordic boreal forests: Long-term impact on tree growth

Cited by 157 publications

References 24 publications

Carbon balance for different management practices for fast growing tree species planted on former pastureland in southern Europe: a case study using the CO2Fix model

Carbon balance for different management practices for fast growing tree species planted on former pastureland in southern Europe: a case study using the CO2Fix model

How Forest Management affects Ecosystem Services, including Timber Production and Economic Return: Synergies and Trade-Offs

Ecological Consequences of Increased Biomass Removal for Bioenergy from Boreal Forests

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