Loess deposits in southern Tajikistan (Central Asia): Magnetic properties and paleoclimate

Intensified Northern Hemisphere Glaciation Facilitates Continuous Accumulation of Late Pliocene Loess on the Western Margin of the Pamir

“…Guo et al, 2002); 10-Gaolanshan (B. Guo et al, 2020); 11-Guonigou and Nalesi (Zan et al, 2018); 12-Panzishan and Dadunling (Lu et al, 2012); 13-Huagai ; 14-Ganzi (Yan et al, 2001); 15-Igetei and Mal'ta (Chlachula, 2003); 16-Kurtak (Chlachula, 2003); 17-Berezov (Chlachula, 2003); 18-Belovo (Virina et al, 2000); 19-Dongwan (Fang et al, 2002); 20-Talede (Song et al, 2021); 21-Pulu (Fang et al, 2020); 22-Xietongmen (Jin et al, 2000); 23-Khumsan (Lazarenko et al, 1981); 24-Chashmanigar (Nazarov et al, 2020); 25-Karamaidan (this study); 26-Sections east of the Caspian Sea (Wang et al, 2016); 27-Sebryakovo-Mikhailovka (Velichko et al, 2006); 28-Strelitsa (Velichko et al, 2006); 29-Stary Kaydaky (Buggle et al, 2009); 30-Mircea Vodan (Buggle et al, 2009); 31-Viatovo (Jordanova et al, 2008); 32-Ruma (Marković et al, 2006); 33-Titel-Stari Slankamen (Song et al, 2017); 34-Paks (Sartori et al, 1999); 35-Cerveny Kopec (Forster et al, 1996).…”

“…Further synthesis of the timing of the initial appearance of late Cenozoic loess and red clay deposits in China, CA, and Europe (Buggle et al., 2009; Chlachula, 2003; Ding et al., 2002; Fang et al., 2002, 2020; Forster et al., 1996; Z. Guo et al., 2002; Jin et al., 2000; Jordanova et al., 2008; Lazarenko et al., 1981; X. Li et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2008; Lu et al., 2012; Marković et al., 2006; Nazarov et al., 2020; Qiang et al., 2011; Qiao et al., 2003; D. Sun et al., 1998; Sartori et al., 1999; Song et al., 2005, 2021; Qiang et al., 2001; Virina et al., 2000; Wang et al., 2016; Yan et al., 2001; Yang & Ding, 2010; Zan et al., 2018; Zeng et al., 2016) demonstrates that the expansion of eolian deposits on the Eurasian continent mainly experienced four major stages: 25–22, 8–7, 2.7–2.4, and 1.2–0.6 Myr (Figure 3b). The last two stages are roughly concurrent with the dramatic increase in global ice volume (Zachos et al., 2001), indicating that global cooling exerted a dominant role in the appearance and expansion of loess deposits on the Eurasian continent since the late Pliocene.…”

“…(2020). Loess‐paleosol and red clay profiles: 1—Sanbahuo and Toudaojingzi (Zeng et al., 2016); 2—Qingshan and Dagang (X. Li et al., 2018); 3—Qiliting (Liu et al., 2008); 4—Xuancheng (Qiao et al., 2003); 5—Jiaxian (Qiang et al., 2001); 6—Xifeng (D. Sun et al., 1998); 7—Chaona (Song et al., 2005); 8—Zhuanglang (Qiang et al., 2011); 9—Qin'an (Z. Guo et al., 2002); 10—Gaolanshan (B. Guo et al., 2020); 11—Guonigou and Nalesi (Zan et al., 2018); 12—Panzishan and Dadunling (Lu et al., 2012); 13—Huagai (Yang et al., 2010); 14—Ganzi (Yan et al., 2001); 15—Igetei and Mal'ta (Chlachula, 2003); 16—Kurtak (Chlachula, 2003); 17—Berezov (Chlachula, 2003); 18—Belovo (Virina et al., 2000); 19—Dongwan (Fang et al., 2002); 20—Talede (Song et al., 2021); 21—Pulu (Fang et al., 2020); 22—Xietongmen (Jin et al., 2000); 23—Khumsan (Lazarenko et al., 1981); 24—Chashmanigar (Nazarov et al., 2020); 25—Karamaidan (this study); 26—Sections east of the Caspian Sea (Wang et al., 2016); 27—Sebryakovo‐Mikhailovka (Velichko et al., 2006); 28—Strelitsa (Velichko et al., 2006); 29—Stary Kaydaky (Buggle et al., 2009); 30—Mircea Vodan (Buggle et al., 2009); 31—Viatovo (Jordanova et al., 2008); 32—Ruma (Marković et al., 2006); 33—Titel‐Stari Slankamen (Song et al., 2017); 34—Paks (Sartori et al., 1999); 35—Cerveny Kopec (Forster et al., 1996).…”

“…This set of loess sediments has a basal age of ∼3.6 Ma (Fang et al., 2020) and provides a wealth of information on the aridification history of the leeward (east) side of the Pamir‐Tian Shan region and change of the westerlies. However, in the arid regions of western CA, although several early Pleistocene loess‐paleosol sequences were respectively retrieved from the northeastern Iran (∼2.4–1.8 Ma) (Wang et al., 2016) and southern Tajikistan (∼2.1 Ma) (Nazarov et al., 2020), late Pliocene eolian deposits have rarely been reported. The lack of long‐lasting continuous eolian loess deposits in western CA, spanning the interval of intensified Northern Hemisphere glaciation during the late Pliocene (Zachos et al., 2001), hinders our understanding of the links between the uplift of the Pamir‐Tian Shan region, global cooling, and the Central Asian interior climate.…”