Lodging studies in <i>Lolium perenne</i> grown for seed: 2. floret site utilization

Burbidge, A.; Hebblethwaite, P. D.; Ivins, J. D.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600055349

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, in this study in various environments on average 73 to 83 percent of the observed florets contained a seed . Moreover, seed set percentages in perennial ryegrass reported by Anslow (1963) : 65%, Beddows (1931) : 53.9%, Burbidge et al . (1978) : 60%, Griffiths & Lewis (1967) : 62% and Jenkin (1931) : 92 .9% do not support this theory.…”

Section: Seed Abortionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Seed yield related to crop development and to yield components in nine cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

Elgersma¹

1990

Euphytica

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We had previously found differences for seed yield among nine perennial ryegrass cultivars which were not associated with variation for seed weight . To detect the physiological basis of these genetic differences for seed yield, growth analyses were carried out . We related crop development and components of seed yield to seed yield during three years on clay and sandy soil . No significant differences occurred among cultivars for accumulation and partitioning of dry matter or the pattern of tiller production . Seed yield of the cultivars was not associated with ear number or total dry matter yield of the seed crop . Seed yield was more correlated with the number of seeds per unit area than with seed weight . The number of seeds as calculated after harvest from seed yield and seed weight was much lower than the number of seeds as estimated prior to harvest from seed yield components . The number of spikelets differed significantly among the cultivars, but the ranking was different from that for seed yield . The physiological basis of the genetic differences for seed yield is not clear .Implications for breeding perennial ryegrass are discussed .

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Section: Seed Abortionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Seed yield related to crop development and to yield components in nine cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

Elgersma¹

1990

Euphytica

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“…Anslow (1963 ; and Burbidge et al . (1978) mentioned a decline in successful fertilization within a spikelet from the basal to the distal floret .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Florets may be pollinated but not fertilized, either due to incompatibility or to poor weather conditions for pollen germination or tube growth . Florets may become fertilized, but embryos or developing seeds may abort (Burbidge et al ., 1978 ;Hill, 1980) . Seeds may shatter before harvest (Anslow, 1964 ;Elgersma et al ., 1988 ;Stoddart, 1964) or be lost during harvesting and cleaning (Meijer, 1985) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytology of seed development related to floret position in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

Elgersma¹,

Śnieżko²

1988

Euphytica

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In seed crops of perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L ., yields are low and only 15 to 20% of the florets produce a harvestable seed . This study was conducted to determine if seed abortion was a major cause of low floret site utilization (FSU) and therefore of low seed yield in spaced plants . Spikes of four spaced-planted genotypes of perennial ryegrass were harvested and fixed at one-week intervals one to five weeks after the beginning of anthesis . Of a total of 74 spikes, over 13,000 florets were examined with a binocular microscope and 66 whole spikelets were microtome sectioned . The histology of the pro-embryo is presented in relation to the development of the endosperm . In one low yielding, two intermediate and one high yielding genotype, biological FSU was 8, 72, 73 and 63%, respectively . In all genotypes, 90% of the unproductive florets showed ovule degeneration within a few days after flowering . A few florets were sterile or contained a degenerated embryo sac already before flowering and about 5% of the unproductive florets showed seed abortion later than one week after flowering . Within a spikelet, successful fertilization did not decline from the basal to the distal floret . Although in later stages distal florets had slightly less seeds, unproductive florets were found at all floret positions . Biological FSU decreased mainly by ovule degeneration shortly after flowering . In spaced plants, seed abortion was not important to low seed yield .

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“…This decline may be associated with assimilate reallocations via the stems to the inflorescence in the period of anthesis. Florets closer to nutritional resources are favored to develop a saleable seed (Burbridge et al 1978).…”

Section: Number Of Seeds Per Spikeletmentioning

confidence: 99%