Lodged bullets on computed tomography: Three classification procedures for the virtual investigation of bullets or their fragments that cannot be recovered from the living patient

Gascho, Dominic

doi:10.1177/0025802420962697

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For the location of a lodged bullet or the visualization of the distribution of bullet fragment, CT is a suitable examination tool ( 12 ). This imaging tool also facilitated the examination of the severed heads with regard to cerebral injuries as well as bone thickness and penetration depth measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reconstructions were performed with field-of-views (FOV) adjusted to the individual size of the head and of the brain region with a slice thickness of 0.6 mm using a smooth kernel for the assessment of the soft tissue and a hard kernel to enhance edges for the assessment of bones. In addition, extended CT scale reconstructions were computed to assess bullets and bullet fragments ( 12 ). Multi-planar reformations were used to align the cattle head data for the corresponding digital measurements of frontal bone thickness, meaning from the outer table to the inner table of compact bone, and penetration depth in sagittal view aligned to the entry hole and the final position of the bullet or bullet fragment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

BigBovid- Evaluation of a Newly Developed 9 mm Bullet-Shooting Stunner for Adequate Stunning of Heavy Cattle

Gascho

Stephan

Bauer³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stunning of heavy cattle and water buffalo is an animal welfare problem, as conventional cartridge fired captive-bolt stunners are not suitable due to the thicker skull bones and the greater depth of penetration required to reach and damage the relevant brain regions for deep unconsciousness. This current animal welfare problem requires a suitable and feasible as well as commercially available and legally approved stunning device to ensure deep unconsciousness of these animals. In this study, the use of a newly developed bullet-shooting stunner, the BigBovid, with two different types of hunting ammunition, namely .38 SPL FMJ-TC and .357 MAG FTX® bullets, was evaluated on 22 heavy cattle (mean weight: 1062.27 kg, standard deviation: 124.09 kg). In ballistic experiments, the BigBovid reached a mean energy density of 8.18 J/mm2 (mean error: 0.45 J/mm2) for the .38 SPL FMJ-TC and 17.56 J/mm2 (mean error: 2.67 J/mm2) for the .357 MAG FTX®. In in vivo experiments, the use of the .38 SPL FMJ-TC resulted in overpenetration three times. The .357 MAG FTX® bullets showed to be more advantageous, because on the one hand no overpenetration occurred and on the other hand the bullets fragmented into small parts after penetration into the skull. The fragments were scattered in the brain tissue, such as the thalamus and the brain stem, and thus there is a high probability to damage the brain regions relevant for deep unconsciousness. Based on the results of this study, the use of the BigBovid in combination with the .357 MAG FTX® bullet is found to be suitable for stunning heavy cattle.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BigBovid- Evaluation of a Newly Developed 9 mm Bullet-Shooting Stunner for Adequate Stunning of Heavy Cattle

Gascho

Stephan

Bauer³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is worth entrusting this examination to a veterinarian who is a specialist in radiology. Care should also be taken to properly position the animal's carcass during the examination (14)(15)(16)33). Each case (specific animal) should be approached individually.…”

Section: The Figures Show Damage To Blood Vessels and Intestines As A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each case (specific animal) should be approached individually. Not all tomographs have the same technical parameters (14,16), but the modern ones allow high-quality images to be obtained. A detailed description of the parameters that are necessary to obtain CT images that are useful in forensics (e.g., contrast, spatial resolution, artifacts, acquisition parameters, extended computer tomography scale) is available in scientific reports (14,15,33).…”

Section: The Figures Show Damage To Blood Vessels and Intestines As A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postmortem diagnosis of gunshot injuries in great black cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) for forensic veterinary medicine

FELSMANN¹,

ZDUN²,

WĄSIATYCZ³

et al. 2022

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Veterinarians rarely have the opportunity to examine shot animals. This inexperience makes it difficult to assess such cases. Based on the example of postmortem examinations of shot cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo), the authors indicated the elements necessary for the proper diagnosis of gunshot wounds in birds. The study used mixed diagnostic techniques, including imaging diagnostics. Postmortem examinations of the corpses of 80 black cormorants obtained as a result of shooting with lead shot ammunition have been carried out. Autopsies and imaging examinations were performed. The results of the research were presented in the context of the needs of forensic veterinary medicine. Attention was paid to the characteristic anatomical changes caused by shotgun shells in the bodies of the birds. In addition, possible mistakes made during postmortem assessment of bird corpses were indicated. The method of using imaging techniques (X-ray and CT) in the diagnosis of gunshot wounds was presented. The possibility of using other imaging techniques, in doubtful cases that do not confirm gunshot wounds, was also indicated.

show abstract

X-Ray Computed Tomography Study of the Effects of Scanning Parameters on the Hounsfield Unit Values of Five Metal Alloys

Baydoun

Hamade

2022

J Nondestruct Eval

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lodged bullets on computed tomography: Three classification procedures for the virtual investigation of bullets or their fragments that cannot be recovered from the living patient

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

BigBovid- Evaluation of a Newly Developed 9 mm Bullet-Shooting Stunner for Adequate Stunning of Heavy Cattle

BigBovid- Evaluation of a Newly Developed 9 mm Bullet-Shooting Stunner for Adequate Stunning of Heavy Cattle

Postmortem diagnosis of gunshot injuries in great black cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) for forensic veterinary medicine

X-Ray Computed Tomography Study of the Effects of Scanning Parameters on the Hounsfield Unit Values of Five Metal Alloys

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About