“… Age, sex and PCs | [ 17 ] | Positive control outcomes | | | | | | |
T2DM | Participants from 18 studies | 26,676 cases/ 132,532 controls | (NA) | Self-reported diabetes diagnosed by a physician, self-reported antidiabetic drug use, fasting-glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L, non-fasting glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, a diagnosis of diabetes in the hospital discharge register | Age, sex and PCs | [ 33 ] |
HOMA-IR | Participants from 20 studies | 36,466 | Individuals with diagnosed type-1 or type-2 diabetes, with fasting glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L, on diabetes treatment, with pregnancy, with outliers ± 3 s.d. ; non-fasting individuals | HOMA-IR=(fasting insulin [mU/L] × fasting glucose [nmol/L]) × 22.5 | Age, sex, study site, geographic covariates and age squared | [ 34 ] |
Fasting proinsulin | Participants from 16 studies | 45,861 | Individuals with self-reported or diagnosed diabetes, antidiabetic drug use, fasting-glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L, 2-hour glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L, HbA1c ≥ 6.5% | (NA) | Age, sex, PCs and other study-specific covariates | [ 36 ] |
BMI* | Participants from 125 studies | 322,154 | Individuals with missing information (including weight, height, BMI, age or sex), with age < 18 years | Self-reported or measured height and weight. BMI = weight (kg) / height (m) 2 | Age, age squared and study-specific covariates such as PCs | [ 29 ] |
Hip circumference* | Participants from 57 studies | 213,038 | Individuals with missing information (including hip circumference, weight, height, BMI, age or sex), with age < 18 years | Self-reported or measured metrics | |
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