Location, technology and industrial organisation in U.K. services

The Relationship between Producer Service and Local Manufacturing Industry: Empirical Evidence from Shanghai

“…According to Browning and Singleman, producer service is mainly composed of knowledge-intensive industries, for instance, finance, insurance, legal industry, and so forth [4]. Howells and Green state that producer service functions as intermediate agency promoting operational efficiency and bringing value to production and other services [5]. Daniels concludes several existing classifications of producer service and suggests that producer service could be classified to three categories.…”

Decentralization of Urban Service Activities: an Empirical Study

“…Researchers have also suggested that the services involving regular telephone contacts are likely to be more susceptible to the effects of telecommunication technology than the information-oriented services with intensive face-to-face contacts (Pye, 1979;Goddard and Morris, 1976;Goddard, 1971). 20 Other researchers assert that telecommunication technology will have a greater locational influence on the services involving standard, routine and repetitive tasks such as computer service and administrative work of financial services, and thus these services are likely to be further decentralized (Howells and Green, 1986;Daniels, 1985;Marshall, 1985;Edgington, 1982;Goddard, 1973). Although financial service activities, the dominant activities of the CBDs are susceptible to the effects of computer and telecommunications technology (Kutay, 1986;Daniels, 1985), the evidence of locational effects of these technologies on the financial services appear weak (Daniels, 1985).…”

“…Chapter III presents descriptive results of changes in service location patterns, and variations in decentralization of urban service activities 5 short and regular telephone contacts (programmed contacts) (Pye, 1979;Goddard and Morris, 1976;Goddard, 1971) are more suitable for telecommunication uses. For example, computer services involving 'programmed' decisions (Howells and Green, 1986) are likely to be susceptible to telecommunication impacts, and thus are more likely to be decentralized.…”

“…For example, headquarters ex~rt influence on their branches to purchase business services from the firms in the urban centers (Howells and Green, 1986;Daniels, 1985). In contrast, the local services (e.g., repair, construction and rental services), engineering services, technical services, computer services and other high· tech services are spatially dispersed because they are not tied to the location of headquarters.…”

Geo-cultural influences and critical factors in inter-firm collaboration

“…The first examines the increasing range of interorganisational interactions which comprise the general tendency towards externalisation of innovation, which reflects a more general trend of externalisation within the production process [9]. The second focuses on the different kinds of learning which underpin collaboration.…”