Location of tumour necrosis factor alpha by immunohistochemistry in chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract

This study determined the location and tissue

National Psoriasis Foundation clinical consensus on psoriasis comorbidities and recommendations for screening

“…[131][132][133] Relatives of subjects diagnosed with either Crohn's or psoriasis also have been shown to have an increased incidence of having the other disease. 134 Genetic [135][136][137][138] and pathologic [139][140][141][142] connections between these two diseases support these findings, and most recently both have been linked to specific gentotypes of IL-23. 143 Two studies have shown that psoriasis is more common in MS families than in controls.…”

Short exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to TNF-α and histamine induces Mac-1-mediated neutrophil adhesion independent of protein synthesis

“…Histamine content and its secretion have been found to be significantly increased particularly in affected mucosa of ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease compared with unaffected tissues [16,17]. Moreover, TNF-␣ concentrations are demonstrated to be markedly increased in the affected intestinal mucosa, serum, and feces of active inflammatory bowel diseases [18][19][20]. TNF-␣ and histamine induce rapid up-regulation of CD11b/CD18 on neutrophils, and P-selectin on endothelial cells and platelets, respectively, resulting in increased intercellular adhesion [23,24].…”

“…Because inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and TNF-␣ are detected in the lesions of inflammatory bowel diseases [19,20,39], these cytokines are assumed to affect neutrophil adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells by modulating expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules. As shown in Figure 7, pretreatment of neutrophils with IL-8 or TNF-␣ increased neutrophil adhesion to both resting and TNF-␣ (5 h and 30 min)-or histamine (30 min)-stimulated HT29 cells (1.3ϳ2.5-fold).…”

TNF transactivation of EGFR stimulates cytoprotective COX-2 expression in gastrointestinal epithelial cells

“…IBD patients have elevated levels of TNF and COX-2 in the epithelial cell layer of the GI tract (40,46,62). However, the biological and pathological consequences of COX-2 in the context of elevated TNF levels in normal colon epithelial cells are not well known.…”