Location of the primary motor cortex in migration disorder

Lee, H.K.; Kim, J.S.; Hwang, Youn Mee; Choi, Choong Gon; Suh, Dae Chul; Lim, Tae-Hong

doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80497-6

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In unilaterally affected patients, language impairment was related to the presence of open-lip clefts, to the frontoparietal location, and to the extent of the malformation rather than to the side of the cleft. 9,11,12 Functional MRI studies also suggested that the malformed cortex could contribute to physiologic cerebral functions by revealing activation of dysplastic tissue lining the cleft during covert verb generation in a patient with asymptomatic left frontal schizencephaly. The few articles specifically focused on neuropsychologic and language evaluation gave conflicting results.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term "schizencephaly" was introduced in two articles by Yakovlev and Wadsworth, who reported a detailed neuropathologic analysis of five autopsied patients with a complex brain malformation and severe mental and neurologic deficits. The reported studies include case series that correlated imaging and clinical features [3][4][5][6] and series or single case reports more focused on specific topics, such as imaging, 7,8 functional neuroimaging, [9][10][11][12][13] neuropsychology, 14,15 epilepsy features, 16,17 surgical treatment, 18,19 and etiopathogenesis. 1,2 As for other malformations of cortical development, schizencephaly has been increasingly recognized in vivo owing to the recent refinement of neuroimaging.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Topical Review: Schizencephaly: Clinical Spectrum, Epilepsy, and Pathogenesis

et al. 2005

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After almost 60 years since the original description, we have reviewed the results of the more recent studies on schizencephaly in an attempt to delineate its imaging and clinical spectra of presentation and to point out the still unsettled controversies on its pathogenesis. The clinical picture is mainly based on the presence of motor deficits and mental retardation, but the severity of the clinical picture is extremely variable, mainly related to the size and location of the clefts and to the presence of associated cerebral malformations. By contrast, the outcome of epilepsy, which is present in about half of the cases and drug resistant in a third, is not strictly related to the severity of the malformation. Some clinical and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have suggested that, beside the features of the anatomic damage, the functional reorganization of a malformed and unaffected cortex is most likely crucial in determining the clinical outcome. Review of the genetic studies and the more recent personal data suggests that the role of the EMX2 gene in schizencephaly, if any, is restricted to a minority of cases, leaving the etiopathogenesis of this brain malformation still a matter of study and debate.

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Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Topical Review: Schizencephaly: Clinical Spectrum, Epilepsy, and Pathogenesis

et al. 2005

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“…The existence of functional cortical reorganization in schizencephalic patients has also been reported by functional MRI studies, demonstrating that the unaffected motor cortex was overactivated in relation to bilateral innervation of hand muscles. 9,11,12 Functional MRI studies also suggested that the malformed cortex could contribute to physiologic cerebral functions by revealing activation of dysplastic tissue lining the cleft during covert verb generation in a patient with asymptomatic left frontal schizencephaly. 10 The correlation between imaging features and clinical outcome has been analyzed in three large series of patients.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, about 200 cases have been reported in the literature. The reported studies include case series that correlated imaging and clinical features [3][4][5][6] and series or single case reports more focused on specific topics, such as imaging, 7,8 functional neuroimaging, [9][10][11][12][13] neuropsychology, 14,15 epilepsy features, 16,17 surgical treatment, 18,19 and etiopathogenesis. [20][21][22][23] We have already addressed the clinical features of schizencephaly in a previous review based on 93 patients reported at that time in the literature.…”

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confidence: 99%