Location of dye-coupled second order and of efferent vestibular neurons labeled from individual semicircular canal or otolith organs in the frog

Birinyi, András; Straka, Hans; Matesz, Clara; Dieringer, N.

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03075-x

Cited by 58 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The MVN projections appear to be more extensive in tadpoles than in adult frogs (Birinyi et al, 2001). This suggests a developmental pruning of saccular projections during postmetamorphic life, possibly reflecting a reduction of input from underwater particle motion and an increase in input from other vestibular organs as the animal adopts an amphibious lifestyle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In adult frogs, this cell-dense region has been subdivided and given numerous names by various investigators (Will and Fritzsch, 1988;Christensen-Dalsgaard and Walkowiak, 1999;McCormick, 1999). Because of difficulties in translating boundaries from adult to larval brains with the limited anatomical and physiological data currently available, we label this area, bounded medially by the fourth ventricle, laterally by the LLnp, and ventrally by the LLa, as the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN), consistent with the terminology used by Matesz (1979), Montgomery (1988), and Birinyi et al (2001) in adult Rana.…”

Section: Electrophysiological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Multiple Mechanosensory Modalities Influence Development of Auditory Function

Horowitz¹,

Tanyu²,

Simmons³

2007

J. Neurosci.

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Sensory development can be dependent on input from multiple modalities. During metamorphic development, ranid frogs exhibit rapid reorganization of pathways mediating auditory, vestibular, and lateral line modalities as the animal transforms from an aquatic to an amphibious form. Here we show that neural sensitivity to the underwater particle motion component of sound follows a different developmental trajectory than that of the pressure component. Throughout larval stages, cells in the medial vestibular nucleus show best frequencies to particle motion in the range from 15 to 65 Hz, with displacement thresholds of Ͻ10 m. During metamorphic climax, best frequencies significantly increase, and sensitivity to lower-frequency (Ͻ25 Hz) stimuli tends to decline. These findings suggest that continued sensitivity to particle motion may compensate for the considerable loss of sensitivity to pressure waves observed during the developmental deaf period. Transport of a lipophilic dye from peripheral end organs to the dorsal medulla shows that fibers from the saccule in the inner ear and from the anterior lateral line both terminate in the medial vestibular nucleus. Saccular projections remain stable across larval development, whereas lateral line projections degenerate during metamorphic climax. Sensitivity to particle motion may be based on multimodal input early in development and on saccular input alone during the transition to amphibious life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Electrophysiological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Multiple Mechanosensory Modalities Influence Development of Auditory Function

Horowitz¹,

Tanyu²,

Simmons³

2007

J. Neurosci.

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“…UT afferents terminate in all major vestibular but not in auditory nuclei (frog: Birinyi et al 2001;Will et al 1985;monkey: Büttner-Ennever 1999). Moreover, 2°VN mediating UT signals project to ocular motor and spinal targets (Fig.…”

Section: Functional Role Of Otolith Organs In Frog and Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These signals are mediated in parallel pathways by afferent nerve fibers to the vestibular nuclei, the brain stem reticular formation, and the cerebellum. Afferent nerve fibers from individual semicircular canal as well as from otolith organs terminate in all major vestibular nuclei and overlap to a large extent in nonmammalian (Birinyi et al 2001;Dickman and Fang 1996;McCormick and Bradford 1994;Meredith and Butler 1983;Suarez et al 1985;Will et al 1985) as in mammalian species (Büttner-Ennever 1992, 1999Gacek 1969;Siegborn et al 1991;Stein and Carpenter 1967). From these overlapping termination areas of afferent nerve fibers, a considerable convergence of afferent input signals onto second-order vestibular neurons (2°VN) could be possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Canal and Otolith Afferent Input Convergence in Frog Second-Order Vestibular Neurons

Straka

Holler

Goto

2002

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Straka, H., S. Holler, and F. Goto. Patterns of canal and otolith afferent input convergence in frog second-order vestibular neurons. J Neurophysiol 88: 2287-2301, 2002 10.1152/jn.00370.2002 were identified in the isolated frog brain by the presence of monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) after separate electrical stimulation of individual vestibular nerve branches. Combinations of one macular and the three semicircular canal nerve branches or combinations of two macular nerve branches were stimulated separately in different sets of experiments. Monosynaptic EPSPs evoked from the utricle or from the lagena converged with monosynaptic EPSPs from one of the three semicircular canal organs in ϳ30% of 2°VN. Utricular afferent signals converged predominantly with horizontal canal afferent signals (74%), and lagenar afferent signals converged with anterior vertical (63%) or posterior vertical (37%) but not with horizontal canal afferent signals. This convergence pattern correlates with the coactivation of particular combinations of canal and otolith organs during natural head movements. A convergence of afferent saccular and canal signals was restricted to very few 2°VN (3%). In contrast to the considerable number of 2°VN that received an afferent input from the utricle or the lagena as well as from one of the three canal nerves (ϳ30%), smaller numbers of 2°VN (14% of each type of 2°otolith or 2°canal neuron) received an afferent input from only one particular otolith organ or from only one particular semicircular canal organ. Even fewer 2°VN received an afferent input from more than one semicircular canal or from more than one otolith nerve (ϳ7% each). Among 2°VN with afferent inputs from more than one otolith nerve, an afferent saccular nerve input was particularly rare (4 -5%). The restricted convergence of afferent saccular inputs with other afferent otolith or canal inputs as well as the termination pattern of saccular afferent fibers are compatible with a substrate vibration sensitivity of this otolith organ in frog. The ascending and/or descending projections of identified 2°VN were determined by the presence of antidromic spikes. 2°VN mediating afferent utricular and/or semicircular canal nerve signals had ascending and/or descending axons. 2°VN mediating afferent lagenar or saccular nerve signals had descending but no ascending axons. The latter result is consistent with the absence of short-latency macular signals on extraocular motoneurons during vertical linear acceleration. Comparison of data from frog and cat demonstrated the presence of a similar organization pattern of maculo-and canal-ocular reflexes in both species. I N T R O D U C T I O NComponents of linear and angular head acceleration are detected separately by the different otolith and semicircular canal organs in the labyrinth. These signals are mediated in parallel pathways by afferent nerve fibers to the vestibular nuclei, the brain stem reticular formation, and the cerebellum. Afferent nerve fibers from individual semicirc...

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“…In the toadfish, two groups of efferent cell bodies have been identified: fusiform neurons located dorsal to the medial longitudinal fasciculus and pyramidal neurons situated lateral to that tract (Highstein 1991). A similar pair of efferent brainstem nuclei has been reported in frog (Birinyi et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Ultrastructural observations of efferent terminals in the crista Ampullaris of the toadfish, opsanus tau

Holstein

Martinelli

Boyle

et al. 2004

Experimental Brain Research

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The present study was conducted to visualize the ultrastructural features of vestibular efferent boutons in the oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau. The crista ampullaris of the horizontal semicircular canal was processed for and examined by routine transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that such boutons vary in size and shape, and contain a heterogeneous population of lucent vesicles with scattered dense core vesicles. Efferent contacts with hair cells are characterized by local vesicle accumulations in the presynaptic terminal and a subsynaptic cistern in the postsynaptic region of the hair cell. Serial efferent to hair cell to afferent synaptic arrangements are common, particularly in the central portion of the crista. However, direct contacts between efferent terminals and afferent neurites were not observed in our specimens. The existence of serial synaptic contacts, often with a row of vesicles in the efferent boutons lining the efferent-afferent membrane apposition, suggests that the efferent influence on the crista may involve both synaptic and nonsynaptic, secretory mechanisms. Further, it is suggested that differences in more subtle aspects of synaptic architecture and/or transmitter and receptor localization and interaction may render the efferent innervation of the peripheral crista less effective in influencing sensory processing.

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Location of dye-coupled second order and of efferent vestibular neurons labeled from individual semicircular canal or otolith organs in the frog

Cited by 58 publications

References 46 publications

Multiple Mechanosensory Modalities Influence Development of Auditory Function

Multiple Mechanosensory Modalities Influence Development of Auditory Function

Patterns of Canal and Otolith Afferent Input Convergence in Frog Second-Order Vestibular Neurons

Ultrastructural observations of efferent terminals in the crista Ampullaris of the toadfish, opsanus tau

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