Location of cobalt impurities in the surface oxide of stainless steel 316L and metal release in synthetic biological fluids

Effect of Amino Acids on the Corrosion and Metal Release from Copper and Stainless Steel

“…Similar to previous studies of 316 L in non-aggressive environments (under passive conditions), 51 metal peaks for Ni, Cr, Fe, and Mo were detectable in all cases. This means that the surface oxide and adsorbed layer did not exceed the information depth of XPS (7-10 nm).…”

“…The ratio between the metal and oxide peaks remained relatively stable for all conditions. Similar to previous work on 316 L and similar grades, 51,52 Ni was only detected in its metallic form, 40 which means it was not a component of the surface oxide of stainless steel. Throughout all conditions, and with no significant difference before and after exposure to the different solutions, the surface oxide was composed of oxidized Fe (63 ± 5.7 at%), Cr (35 ± 5.9 at%), and Mo (1.9 ± 0.45 at%).…”

Direct, multielement determinations from cotton swipes via plate express microextraction coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (μEx-ICP-MS)

“…It is not a coincidence that the former elements naturally occur in plant-based materials (e.g., cotton swipes) 13 as well as being prominent in scientic hardware (e.g., uidic components). 40,41 In either case, those signals would exist as background signal contributions, limiting analytical limits of detection and linear dynamic ranges for those elements. On the other hand, the elements present in the traces of Fig.…”

“…The matrix was chosen as a representative biouid, having a modest level of organic (3.2 M urea) and salt (ca.1.5 M) content as presented in detail in the Experimental section. 40 As such, there may be complications regarding the elution of the metals, as well as potential ICP-based matrix effects. Two test solutions were synthesized, one with "low" metal levels and one with "high" metal levels spiked into the urine as presented in Table 4.…”

“…, fluidic components). 40,41 In either case, those signals would exist as background signal contributions, limiting analytical limits of detection and linear dynamic ranges for those elements. On the other hand, the elements present in the traces of Fig.…”