Location and shape of the mandibular lingula: Comparison of skeletal class I and class III patients using panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare the location and the shape of the mandibular lingula in skeletal class I and III patients using panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography.Materials and MethodsThe sample group included 190 skeletal class I patients and 157 class III patients. The location of the lingula in relation to the deepest point of the coronoid notch was classified into 3 types using panoramic radiographs. The shapes of the lingulae were classified into nodular, triangular, truncated, or assimilated types using cone-beam computed tomographic images. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test.ResultsThe tips of the lingulae were at the same level as the coronoid notch in 75.3% of skeletal class I patients and above the coronoid notch in 66.6% of class III patients. The positions of the lingulae in relation to the deepest point of the coronoid notch showed statistically significant differences between class I and class III patients. The most common shape was nodular, and the least common was the assimilated shape. Although this trend was not statistically significant, the triangular shape was more frequently observed in class III patients than in class I patients.ConclusionThe locations and the shapes of the mandibular lingulae were variable. Most of the lingulae were at the same level as the coronoid notch in skeletal class I patients and above the coronoid notch in skeletal class III patients. The nodular and assimilated-shaped lingulae were the most and the least prevalent, respectively.

Evaluation of the position of lingula mandible, mental foramen and lingual foramen of individuals in the 7-17 age groups via Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

“…Sekerci and Sisman (27) reported that some measurements for location of lingula were higher in males. On the contrary, Jung et al (4) reported that the location of lingula did not show a statistically significant difference between the genders. Similar to Jung et al (4), in this study, there were no significant differences in the measurements between genders.…”

“…Lingula is a tongue-shaped bone protrusion that forms the medial border of the MF on the medial surface of the mandible. Due to its close proximity to ManF and neurovascular nerve bundles, it is an important anatomical landmark during maxillofacial surgery and is used to avoid nerve during inferior alveolar nerve block anaesthesia (4). Lingula mandible is also an important marker of sagittal splitramus osteotomy.…”

“…During sagittal split-ramus osteotomy, the horizontal cut of the mandible is made just above the lingula (5). In the literature, it is reported that the location of the lingula mandible is variable (4,6). This variation refers to a specific risk of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve (7,8).…”

Morphological Investigation of Mandibular Lingula: A Literature Review

“…However, Alves et al [ 8 ] (dry mandible group) found significant differences in lingual types between men and women: the truncated type was significantly more common among women than men, whereas the triangular type was significantly more common among men than women. Senel et al [ 11 ] (CBCT group) and Jung et al [ 12 ] (CBCT group), who conducted studies on Turkish and Korean populations, observed no significant differences in the lingula types between men and women. Regarding the skeletal type, Jung et al [ 12 ] reported no significant differences in lingula types between Class I and Class III.…”

“…Senel et al [ 11 ] (CBCT group) and Jung et al [ 12 ] (CBCT group), who conducted studies on Turkish and Korean populations, observed no significant differences in the lingula types between men and women. Regarding the skeletal type, Jung et al [ 12 ] reported no significant differences in lingula types between Class I and Class III. Because of a lack of substantial information, the relationship between skeletal and lingula types remains inconclusive.…”