“…These include the location of electrical circuits in VLSI design (Hassan & Hogg, 1987), graph planarization (Resende & Riberio, 1997), and automatic graph drawing (Junger & Mutzel, 1993. For more applications, we refer to Domschke and Krispin (1997). For other related papers, we refer to Carson (1993), Junger, Leipert, and Mutzel (1998), Shimozono (1997), and Watson and Giffin (1996).…”