“…Based on difficulty in early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), this disease is often noticeable after metastasis has occurred and this is one of the reasons it has the shortest average survival time in contrast to all other cancer types (Bardeesy & DePinho, 2002; Jaffee, Hruban, Canto, & Kern, 2002; Russo, Butler, Ove, & Blackstock, 2007). Surgical resection remains the only viable choice for achieving a cure, but only 15–20% of patients, newly diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, are candidates for surgical resection and, regrettably, the majority of resections result in recurrent disease (Donahue & Reber, 2010).…”