Localized surface plasmon polaritons and nonlinear overcoming of the diffraction optical limit

Control the Metal Grain Boundary Recrystallization Evolution by the Laser Radiation Electric Field Strength Direction Under Cyclic Thermal Loading

“…The second type of the structures (abnormal one) was also observed in the regime of partial metal melting; it was observed predominantly on the ridges of the main resonant relief (of the first-type gratings) and had the period [5]:…”

“…The inverse knife-shaped metal groove can support the channel surface plasmon polariton (CSPP) propagation [3,5,18]. In considered geometry of experiment, the direction of quasigrating vector is orthogonal to laser radiation polarization E t .…”

“…The arising phenomena of linear polarized electric field strength-oriented grating formation are well described in framework of universal polariton model (UPM) of laser-induced condensed matter damage [1]. The UPM well describes the spatial periods for normally oriented (g || E) [2] and abnormally oriented (g ⊥ E) gratings (g) as for long pulse durations [3] as for ultrashort laser pulses [4,5]. Here E is the electric field strength vector of incident laser radiation.…”

Nanogratings Formation in a System of Ultra-short Laser Pulses – Metalloorganic Gas – Deposited Metal – Sapphire in Sinergetic Interference Field with Waveguide Modes Participation

“…Close inspection of images of the gratings being formed reveals small-scale gratings G|| E with period D≈25 nm located on the ridges of the main relief (g) [1]. The period of this grating can be described in the framework of a nonlinear mathematical model for laser-induced formation of spatial periods of gratings and D= /16 [7], where is the real part of refractive index for WSP of sapphire-tungsten-vacuum boundary [8]. Formerly the similar gratings with abnormal orientation were revealed on the condensed matter surfaces with essentially different physical properties: metals, semiconductors and dielectrics under the interaction with ultrashort and nanosecond laser pulses [8,9].…”

“…The physical model, which describes their formation, includes excitation and interference of the channel surface plasmon polaritons (CSP) or wedge surface plasmon PhIO-2018 polaritons with opposite propagation directions [8]. Valleys (CSP) or ridges (WSP) of the main relief are driving structures for these waves.…”