Localized and Delocalized Electronic States in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Pichler, Thomas; Knupfer, M.; Golden, M. S.; Fink, J.; Rinzler, Andrew G.; Smalley, R. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.4729

Cited by 404 publications

(332 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…4͒ behavior. Experimentally VHS were evidenced in the differential conductance, 5 by electronenergy-loss spectroscopy ͑EELS͒, 6 by optical absorption spectroscopy ͑OAS͒, 7 by valence-band ͑VB͒ photoemission spectroscopy ͑PES͒, 8 and by resonant near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy ͑XAS͒. 9 The TLL and its characteristic power-law scaling have been confirmed by transport studies, 10 VB PES, 8 and nuclear magnetic resonance ͑NMR͒.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Potassium-intercalated single-wall carbon nanotube bundles: Archetypes for semiconductor/metal hybrid systems

et al. 2009

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The electronic properties of matter are on the nanometer scale strongly influenced by its local environment. The site-dependent electronic properties in composites of semiconducting and metallic matter are at the heart of establishing molecular electronics. Our combined theoretical and experimental investigations comprise first-principles calculations, resonant x-ray absorption as well as core-level and valence-band photoemission on pristine and potassium intercalated bundles of mixtures of semiconducting and metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes. We present a coherent picture of the archetypical changes in the site selective electronic properties of this tunable semiconductor/metal hybrid system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Potassium-intercalated single-wall carbon nanotube bundles: Archetypes for semiconductor/metal hybrid systems

et al. 2009

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“…Transitions associated with the σ/π electronic states emerge in the 12-to-20 eV range. [34][35][36][37][38] Since we are interested in a generic chiral mixture of specific electronic types, our approach is to model the Drude regime with type-specific dielectric spectroscopy data and the π regime with type-specific UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy data. While the anisotropy and type dependence of the π plasmon is experimentally accessible, less is known about the σ + π plasmon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical evaluation of attractive van der Waals potentials for type-purified single-walled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2012

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Van der Waals forces play a critical role in the structure and stability of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) materials. Thin films assembled from SWCNTs purified by electronic type show particular promise for flexible electronics applications, but mechanical durability remains an unresolved issue. Using transition resonances determined from spectroscopic measurements of typepurified SWCNTs deposited on quartz, coupled with analogous spectroscopic characterization of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates, we use the Lifshitz theory of van der Waals dispersion interactions developed by Rajter and co-workers [R. F. Rajter et. al., Phys. Rev. B 76, 045417 (2007)] to examine the influence of electronic type on van der Waals contact potentials in polymer supported nanotube networks. Our results suggest a significantly stronger nanotube-nanotube and nanotube-polymer attraction for the semiconducting SWCNT fractions, consistent with recent measurements of the electronic durability of flexible transparent SWCNT coatings.PACS numbers: 61.48. De, 78.67.Ch, 82.35.Np, 78.20.Bh 2 I. INTRODUCTIONVan der Waals (vdW) forces play a significant role in the structural stability of matter across a broad range of chemistry, physics, and biology. 1-6 They also play a particularly important role in nanotechnology, where they dominate the short-range attraction between nanoparticles and can hinder their dispersion and manipulation. [7][8][9][10][11] For particles lacking a permanent dipole moment, vdW dispersion forces arise solely from small fluctuations in the electromagnetic field -or more precisely, the dielectric permittivity -across the space between the particles, 12,13 which is dominated by the zero-point energy of quantum vacuum fluctuations. The quantum-field nature of such a mundane, ubiquitous and sometimes macroscopic force is quite remarkable, if on occasion not fully appreciated.Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are nanometer thick tubes of graphene 100 nm to 100 µm in length. They can be either metallic or semiconducting, depending on the chiral vector (n, m) that characterizes the symmetry of rolling a 2D graphene sheet into a hollow tube. 14 They are one of the most studied materials within the realm of modern nanotechnology, with exceptional physical properties that herald the possibility of significant technological potential. 15 The importance of vdW forces in SWCNT materials cannot be overstated. The high aspect ratio and strong anisotropy create potential wells thousands of k B T in depth, but SWCNTs have yet to realize their full potential as mechanical reinforcing agents. This is primarily due to the mechanical failure of interfacial contacts, which are largely governed by vdW forces. Although chemical crosslinking can help mitigate such effects, this often occurs at the expense of the intrinsic SWCNT properties of interest, 16 which can limit the potential impact of applications.Raw nanotube materials typically contain a broad distribution of lengths and a mixture of the two distinct electronic species...

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“…In particular, electron energy-loss spectroscopy ͑EELS͒ has been recently employed to analyze the dielectric response of isolated carbon nanotubes 2,8 as well as of bulk polycrystalline samples of nanotubes. [9][10][11][12] By theoretical means, the existing research on the dielectric response of carbon nanotubes falls under three categories: ͑a͒ Model calculations 13 based on an electron-gas treatment of the response; ͑b͒ tight-binding calculations 14 based on a -electron Hamiltonian. These calculations were done for a large variety of chiral and nonchiral nanotubes of various diameters and helped to elucidate aspects of the response in a frequency range up to 15 eV, where → Ã excitations dominate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab initiostudy of the dielectric response of crystalline ropes of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes: Tube-diameter and helicity effects

2008

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The dielectric-response functions of crystalline ropes of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes were determined from time-dependent density-functional theory in the random-phase approximation. Interband transitions and plasmonic excitations were studied as a function of momentum transfer. The impact of the tube diameter was shown for the ͑n , n͒ armchair-type series ͑n ranging from 3 to 8͒ covering a diameter range from 4 to 11 Å. Helicity effects were examined for the thinnest tubes, the armchair ͑3,3͒ versus the zigzag ͑5,0͒ configurations. Our results give detailed insight into the various kinds of excitations that can be observed in ropes of nanotubes. Recent experimental findings and trends by electron energy loss and Raman spectroscopies are reproduced and explained.

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Localized and Delocalized Electronic States in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract: Localized and delocalized plasmon excitations in single wall carbon nanotubes Pichler, T.; Knupfer, M.; Golden, M.S.; Fink, J.; Rinzler, A.; Smalley, R.E.

Cited by 404 publications

References 23 publications

Potassium-intercalated single-wall carbon nanotube bundles: Archetypes for semiconductor/metal hybrid systems

Potassium-intercalated single-wall carbon nanotube bundles: Archetypes for semiconductor/metal hybrid systems

Empirical evaluation of attractive van der Waals potentials for type-purified single-walled carbon nanotubes

Ab initiostudy of the dielectric response of crystalline ropes of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes: Tube-diameter and helicity effects

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