Localization of the human G-CSF gene to the region of a breakpoint in the translocation typical of acute promyelocytic leukemia

Abstract

The colony-stimulating factors regulate growth, differentiation, and function of blood cells. The effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on myeloid leukemias is unique among colony-stimulating factors in driving the leukemic cells from a self-renewing malignant state to a mature differentiated phenotype with the concomitant loss of tumorigenicity. This property of G-CSF has led to suggestions that its absence is responsible for lack of differentiation of leukemic cells and that the therapeutic administration of G-CSF could reverse this defect and result in a cure for leukemia. Here we show that the gene coding for human G-CSF is localized to chromosome 17, bands q11.2-21. The translocation of the long arm of chromosome 17 at q12-21 to chromosome 15 is a specific abnormality occurring in a high proportion of, if not all, patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, a disease characterized by undifferentiated myeloid cells and a dismal prognosis. Abnormalities of the regulation of a specific differentiation factor gene mediated by a specific chromosomal rearrangement may be directly implicated in the pathogenesis of human leukemia.

Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor for Mobilizing Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Subacute Stroke

“…2 G-CSF is a glycoprotein hormone encoded by a single gene located on chromosome 17 q11-22 3 ; it plays a key role in the regulation of granulopoiesis and is responsible for the terminal maturation of neutrophils. Recombinant G-CSF is used for treatment of neutropenia and for production of CD34 ϩ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)…”

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with a t(2;17;4)(p13;q21;p16) Aberration: Effective Treatment with All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor.

“…Treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and other types of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)with ATRAis minimally effective (6,7). The gene coding granulocyte colonystimulating factor (G-CSF) is located on chromosome 17ql 1.2 to 21, proximal to the breakpoint oft(15;17) in APL (8). During treatment with G-CSF, an increase in neutrophil counts is observed in patients with MDS, and in someof these patients increases in reticulocytes, and platelets counts have also been found (9,10).…”

Growth Regulation of Hematopoietic Cells :An overview

“…The G-CSF gene is located on chromosome 17 at bands ql l.l-q21 (59). Human G-CSF is highly homologous with its murine counterpart and is active on murine cells as well as cells from other species.…”