Localization of the genes controlling B chromosome transmission rate in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> ssp. <i>mays</i>, Poaceae)

Chiavarino, Amilcar M.; Rosato, Marcela; Rosi, Pablo; Poggio, Lidia; Naranjo, Carlos

doi:10.2307/2446484

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Preferential transmission of hyperploid maize sperm cells based on B-chromosome abundance is similarly conditioned by the female (Chiavarino et al, 1998) (see Preferential Fertilization below). The ratio of B-chromosomes in the progeny is influenced strongly by the female plant.…”

Section: Female Control Of Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of the Fertilization Process

Weterings

Russell

2004

THE PLANT CELL ONLINE

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Section: Female Control Of Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of the Fertilization Process

Weterings

Russell

2004

THE PLANT CELL ONLINE

164

130

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“…The present work continues, and to some extent culminates, the selection experiments designed to determine the genetic control of B chromosome transmission Genes for B accumulation and loss M González-Sánchez et al in maize (Rosato et al, 1996;Chiavarino et al, 1997Chiavarino et al, , 1998Chiavarino et al, , 2001Puertas et al, 2000). This is important to determine the forces maintaining B polymorphism in natural populations and, furthermore, to understand the significance of this parasitic part of the genome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…As the Bs were always transmitted on the male side, we call these lines H m and L m . The selection process was carried out following the method described in Rosato et al (1996) and Chiavarino et al (1998Chiavarino et al ( , 2001, which consists in selecting plants with the highest and nearly the lowest B-TR in 0B Â 2B crosses. Plants with the lowest B-TR cannot be selected because their progenies do not contain sufficient Bs to continue the selection process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He considers that a multiplicity of minor factors might contribute to the range between the parents, at opposite extremes, but their contributions to variance are negligible when combined in the F2. Chiavarino et al (1998Chiavarino et al ( , 2001) demonstrated that the genetic control of male B-TR depends on preferential fertilisation and is located on the A chromosomes, acting in the egg cell at the haploid level. Egg cells of the H m line are preferentially fertilised by the sperm nucleus carrying 2Bs, whereas egg cells of the L m line are fertilised by both sperm nuclei at random resulting in a Mendelian B-TR.…”

Section: González-sánchez Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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One gene determines maize B chromosome accumulation by preferential fertilisation; another gene(s) determines their meiotic loss

et al. 2003

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Genotypes of high (H m ) and low (L m ) male B transmission rate (B-TR) were obtained. B-TR segregation in the F2 is reported, showing that the H m and L m lines differ in a single locus we call mBt (male B transmission), controlling B preferential fertilisation in maize. The egg cells control which one of the sperm nuclei is going to fertilise them, mBt h egg cells being preferentially fertilised by the sperm nucleus carrying the supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs). It is hypothesised that the mBt gene is involved in the normal fertilisation of maize but the parasitic Bs take advantage of the mBt h allele to increase their own transmission. Selection was also carried out when the Bs were transmitted on the female side (H f and L f lines). The F1 hybrids show that the gene(s) that we call fBt (female B transmission), controlling female B-TR, is located on the A chromosomes acting at diploid level, the fBt l allele(s) for low transmission being dominant. This allele causes the loss of Bs at meiosis, which is shown using a specific B molecular probe to determine B presence/absence in microspores of both lines and hybrids. Maize Bs are a nice example of intragenome conflict, because the mBt and fBt loci are a polymorphic system of attack and defence between A and B chromosomes.

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“…This was determined by selection of genotypes of high (H m ) and low (L m ) B transmission rate (B-TR) on the male side (Rosato et al, 1996). It was demonstrated that the gene (or genes) controlling B-TR is located in the normal complement, because B-TR depends on the H m or L m status of the 0B parent (Chiavarino et al, 1998). It was concluded that the female parent controls B-TR on the male side, because when the 0B female parent is H m it is preferentially fertilised by the sperm nucleus carrying 2Bs.…”

Section: The Non-parasitic Bs Of Allium Schoenoprasummentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature and evolution of B chromosomes in plants: A non-coding but information-rich part of plant genomes

Puertas

2002

Cytogenet Genome Res

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This work reviews recent advances providing insights on the origin and evolution of B chromosomes (Bs) in representative plant species. Brachyome dichromosomatica has large and micro Bs. Both carry an inactive ribosomal gene cluster. The large Bs contain the B-specific Bd49 family, mainly located at the centromere. Multiple copies are present in the A chromosomes (As) of related species, whereas only a few copies exist in B. dichromosomatica As. The micro Bs share sequences with the As, the large Bs and have the B-specific repeats Bdm29 and Bdm54. It seems that the large and micro Bs are related in origin. It is very unlikely that the Bs originated by simple excision from the As. Rye Bs are composed of sequences predominantly shared with the As. B-specific sequences are located at the heterochromatic end of the long arm. Probably, they originated from the As after many rearrangements, with a tendency for duplication. The E3900 family derives from a Ty3 gypsy retrotransposon, but the D1100 family shows no evidence of genic origin. The overall composition of maize As and Bs is similar suggesting a common origin. Several B-specific sequences have been found, the most studied being pZmBs, which is located at the B centromere. It shows partial homology to the centromere of chromosome 4 and to the knobs. It is not known whether the B centromere derives from centromere 4, or whether both have a more distant common origin. The dynamics of Bs in populations depends on their non-Mendelian mechanisms of transmission, their effects on carrier fitness and on A genes modulating their parasitic properties. Three representative examples are reviewed. The Bs of Allium schoenoprassum are transmitted at a mean lower than Mendelian and adversely affect vigour and fertility. However, there is a differential selection operating in favour of B-containing seedlings. Rye Bs undergo strong drive, which is counteracted by harmful effects on fertility and instabilities at meiosis. Both nondisjunction and meiotic behaviour, and consequently the establishment of B polymorphisms, mainly depend on the Bs themselves. B nondisjunction in maize is controlled by the B, but the As control preferential fertilisation. Considering the non-equilibrium model, the Bs of Allium seem to have been neutralised by the A genome, the As of maize provide defence against B attack, whereas the Bs of rye are only slightly neutralized.

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Localization of the genes controlling B chromosome transmission rate in maize (Zea mays ssp. mays, Poaceae)

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Experimental Analysis of the Fertilization Process

Experimental Analysis of the Fertilization Process

One gene determines maize B chromosome accumulation by preferential fertilisation; another gene(s) determines their meiotic loss

Nature and evolution of B chromosomes in plants: A non-coding but information-rich part of plant genomes

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