Localization of Schema.org for Manuscript Description in the Iranian-Islamic Information Context

Abstract

This study aims to assess the localization of Schema.org for manuscript description in the Iranian-Islamic information context using documentary and qualitative content analysis. The schema.org introduces schemas for different Web content objects so as to generate structured data. Given that the structure of Schema.org is ontological, the inheritance of the manuscript types from the properties of their parent types, as well as the localization and description of the specific properties of the manuscripts in the Iranian-Islamic information context were investigated in order to improve their indexability and semantic visibility in the Web search engines. The proposed properties specific to the manuscript type and the six proposed properties to be added to the “CreativeWork” type are found to be consistent with other schema properties. In turn, these properties lead to the localization of the existing schema for the manuscript type compatibility with the Iranian-Islamic information context. This schema is also applicable to centers with published records on the Web, and if markup with these properties, their indexability and semantic visibility in Web search engines increases accordingly. The generation of structured data in the Web environment through this schema is deemed to promote the concept of the Semantic Web, and make data and knowledge retrieval easier.

Enrichment of Schema.org with cultural heritage context standards for the description and processing of electronic thesis and dissertations

“…The number of these studies is small. For example, Aldaej (2015), Aldaej and Krause (2015), Karle et al (2017), Fardehosseini et al (2020) andMohammadi Ostani et al (2021), they tried to add new entities or properties to Schema.org. Aldaej (2015) and Aldaej and Krause (2015) with an experimental method, marked and evaluated the resources of Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) by Schema.org vocabularies.…”

“…However, as compared to LRM, Schema.org did not cover many relationships and properties between data entities, and hence, it needs to develop and expand many cultural heritage context properties to improve its performance. Mohammadi Ostani et al (2021), to expand a new entity in Schema. org, designed and proposed a manuscript schema in the Iranian-Islamic information context.…”

“…This shows the necessity of paying attention and documenting various roles in Web content objects. Aldaej (2015), Karle et al (2017) andMohammadi Ostani et al (2021) sought to develop and expand Schema.org entities and properties. Park andRichard (2011), Ivanovic et al (2012) and Steele and Sump-Crethar (2016) examined cultural heritage context standards to describe theses, which are consistent with the present study in terms of the entity type.…”

“…This expansion enables a more comprehensive description and processing of entities on the Web, leading to increased access points and the creation of more structured data to achieve a Semantic Web. Several studies, including those by Aldaej (2015), Aldaej and Krause (2015), Karle et al (2017), Fardehosseini et al (2020) and Mohammadi Ostani et al (2021), have emphasized the need to extend Schema.org entities, properties and functionality based on their findings.…”

“…The number of these studies is small. For example, Aldaej (2015), Aldaej and Krause (2015), Karle et al (2017), Fardehosseini et al (2020) and Mohammadi Ostani et al (2021), they tried to add new entities or properties to Schema.org.…”