Localization and Functional Organization of Bulbar and Pontine Respiratory Neurons in the Rabbit

Hukuhara, Takehiko; Goto, Kazutoshi; Takano, Kazuo; Hattammaru, Yoshiyasu

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-026823-1.50074-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The anatomy and functional activity of the neuronal network in the brain involved in respiratory control has previously been stud ied and described in adult experimental ani mals [3,17]. Theoretically, a dysfunction in some neuronal units in the lower brain stem might be related to some forms of respiratory pathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of GABA and Some GABA Analogues on Respiratory Regulation in the Preterm Rabbit

Hedner¹,

Hedner²,

Bergman³

et al. 1983

Neonatology

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Preterm neonatal rabbits (gestational age 29 days) were given GABA (750 mg/kg) or the GABA-like drugs muscimol (2 mg/kg) and GHBA (375 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Basal respiration and the ventilatory response to 10% CO₂ were studied, before and after drug administration, in a whole body plethysmograph during halothane anesthesia. The three drugs tested all caused a decrease in minute volume. The decrease in minute volume was mainly due to a decrease in tidal volume after GABA and muscimol, while GHBA reduced minute volume due to a decrease in respiratory frequency. A decrease in respiratory frequency was also seen after muscimol administration. Changes in the respiratory time intervals were seen after muscimol and GHBA both causing significant increases in expiratory and respiratory time. ‘Inspiratory drive’ and ‘respiratory timing mechanisms’ were evaluated by V_τ/T_I and T_ι/T_TOT, respectively. GABA and muscimol reduced both V_T/T_I and Tι/T_TOT while GHBA only reduced T_I/T_TOT Addition of 10% CO₂ to the inhalation gas caused an increase in tidal volume and minute volume during control conditions. This response to CO₂ was abolished by GABA and GHBA treatment. Our findings demonstrate that GABA and GABA-like drugs cause respiratory depression in the preterm neonate. Central mechanisms are most likely involved in this response. These findings may be relevant to the irregular or apneic breathing sometimes seen in the preterm human infant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of GABA and Some GABA Analogues on Respiratory Regulation in the Preterm Rabbit

Hedner¹,

Hedner²,

Bergman³

et al. 1983

Neonatology

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show abstract

“…Typical examples for each classification are described. 1) Anatomical location; respiratory neuron group in the brain stem reticular formation [9,13,14,19,25,27,31,32,35,37,40,53,58,60], dorsal respiratory group (DRG) [4,5,7,13,15,16,38,47], ventral respiratory group (VRG) [1,3,13,15,16,27,38,46,50], pontine respiratory group (PRG) [13,15,16,23,38,58,60].…”

Section: B Classification Of Respiratory Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of the brain stem neural mechanisms for generation of respiratory rhythm - Current problems.

Hukuhara

1988

Jpn.J.Physiol

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The motoneuronal populations controlling the respiratory motor apparatus are located from sites in the brain stem to lumbar segments of the spinal cord [48,60]. In production and maintenance of respiratory movements these motoneuronal pools are mainly regulated by specific integrative neural mechanisms, the so-called central respiratory mechanisms, under various conditions. Rhythmic control of the act of breathing is performed by a rhythmic nervous activity which originates in the lower brain stem [13,15,16,47,60]. Respiratory movements are continuously adjusted in response to physiological demands of the organism by neural [13,15,16,47,60] and chemical respiratory control mechanisms [54]. These dynamic regulatory processes are maintained involving the entire neuraxis [16,21,35], although the central respiratory mechanisms in the brain stem play a main role in the regulation of breathing [13,15;16, 24, 36].

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Hukuhara

1983

J.Jpn.Bronchoesophagol.Soc.

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The essentials of experimental results as well as the present views by previous authors on the anatomical localization, functional and neuronal organization of the respiratory centers were critically reviewed.In aiming to obtain more pertinent evidences on the anatomical localization, the functional and neuronal organization of the central respiratory mechanisms in the brain stem of the cat and rabbit, the different 10 series of experiments were undertaken.In the present review the experimental results concerning with changes in spontaneous unitary discharge pattern of the pontine and a bulbar respiratory neuron with simultaneous recording of both unit activities before and after brain stem transection at the ponto-bulbar junction were described and their physiological significance was discussed. Based on these experimental results a model of the neuronal organization of the central respiratory mechanisms in the brain stem consisting of 4 subsystems of respiratory neurons; a primary; a satellite; an input; and an output neuron system, was proposed.

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Localization and Functional Organization of Bulbar and Pontine Respiratory Neurons in the Rabbit

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of GABA and Some GABA Analogues on Respiratory Regulation in the Preterm Rabbit

Effects of GABA and Some GABA Analogues on Respiratory Regulation in the Preterm Rabbit

Organization of the brain stem neural mechanisms for generation of respiratory rhythm - Current problems.

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