Localization and characterization of speech arrest during transcranial magnetic stimulation

Epstein, Charles M.; Meador, Kimford J.; Loring, David W.; Wright, Randall J; Weissman, Joseph D.; Sheppard, Scott K.; Lah, James J.; Puhalovich, Frank; Gaitan, Luis E.; Davey, K.R.

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(99)00047-4

Cited by 115 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When applied in an inhibitory mode to the left inferior cortex in normal right-handed subjects, TMS can create speech arrest while the same stimulation to the right homologous region does not interfere with either speech or singing (Epstein, Meador, Loring, Wright, Weisman, Sheppard et al, 1999;Stewart, Walsh, Frith, & Rothwell, 2001). On the other hand, singing interference is very difficult to obtain on either side (Epstein et al, 1999;Walsh, personal communication).…”

Section: Interference Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, singing interference is very difficult to obtain on either side (Epstein et al, 1999;Walsh, personal communication). When applied in a facilitatory mode to the hand motor cortices, speech and singing change the size of the TMS-induced motor evoked potentials of the right and left hand (with corticospinal projections from the left and right hemisphere, respectively; Lo, Fook-Chong, Lau, & Tan, 2003;Sparing, Meister, Wienemann, Buelte, Staedtgen, & Boroojerdi, 2007).…”

Section: Interference Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Music, Language and Modularity Framed in Action

Peretz

2009

PSYCHOL BELG

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Section: Interference Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interference Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music, Language and Modularity Framed in Action

Peretz

2009

PSYCHOL BELG

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“…Studies of frontal lobe language functions have remained largely restricted to frontal regions outside Broca's area; these have demonstrated that TMS can be used to disrupt verbal working memory (WM) (Mottaghy et al, 2000;Mottaghy, Doring, Muller-Gartner, Topper, & Krause, 2002) and verb generation (Shapiro, Pascual-Leone, Mottaghy, Gangitano, & Caramazza, 2001). TMS studies attempting to reproduce some of the production deficits associated with Broca's aphasia have had limited success (Stewart, Walsh, Frith, & Rothwell, 2001;Flitman et al, 1998;Epstein et al, 1996Epstein et al, , 1999. Speech disruption can be obtained using repetitive trains of TMS pulses at levels well above the threshold for eliciting movements of the digits when applied over motor cortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inferior Frontal Gyrus and Phonological Processing: An Investigation using rTMS

Nixon

Lazarova

Hodinott-Hill

et al. 2004

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

169

103

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Abstract& Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) offers a powerful new technique for investigating the distinct contributions of the cortical language areas. We have used this method to examine the role of the left inferior frontal gyrus ( IFG) in phonological processing and verbal working memory. Functional neuroimaging studies have implicated the posterior part of the left IFG in both phonological decision making and subvocal rehearsal mechanisms, but imaging is a correlational method and it is therefore necessary to determine whether this region is essential for such processes. In this paper we present the results of two experiments in which rTMS was applied over the frontal operculum while subjects performed a delayed phonological matching task. We compared the effects of disrupting this area either during the delay (memory) phase or at the response (decision) phase of the task. Delivered at a time when subjects were required to remember the sound of a visually presented word, rTMS impaired the accuracy with which they subsequently performed the task. However, when delivered later in the trial, as the subjects compared the remembered word with a given pseudoword, rTMS did not impair accuracy. Performance by the same subjects on a control task that required the processing of nonverbal visual stimuli was unaffected by the rTMS. Similarly, performance on both tasks was unaffected by rTMS delivered over a more anterior site ( pars triangularis). We conclude that the opercular region of the IFG is necessary for the normal operation of phonologically based working memory mechanisms. Furthermore, this study shows that rTMS can shed further light on the precise role of cortical language areas in humans. &

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“…For example, both right-and left-hemisphere anesthetisation interfere with singing (Borchgrevink, 1980;Zatorre, 1984). Moreover, brain stimulation of the right frontal cortex via Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation disrupts singing in only a minority of individuals (Epstein et al, 1999).…”

Section: The Neuronal Substrates Of Singingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singing and Its Neuronal Substrates: Evidence from the General Population

Bella¹,

Berkowska²

2009

Contemporary Music Review

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This article reviews a range of behavioural and neuroimaging studies with the goal of characterising proficient singing in the general population and identifying its neuronal underpinnings. Evidence is provided to suggest that the majority of individuals can carry a tune, and that a complex neural network engaging motor, auditory and sensorimotor integration areas supports this ability. These mechanisms can be disrupted by a brain insult or neurogenetic disorders leading to inaccurate singing. A variety of poor-singing patterns are described (e.g., with or without concurrent perceptual deficiencies).The study of these poor-singing phenotypes is useful in understanding the complex structure of the song system and its neuronal substrates.

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Localization and characterization of speech arrest during transcranial magnetic stimulation

Cited by 115 publications

References 20 publications

Music, Language and Modularity Framed in Action

Music, Language and Modularity Framed in Action

The Inferior Frontal Gyrus and Phonological Processing: An Investigation using rTMS

Singing and Its Neuronal Substrates: Evidence from the General Population

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