Localization analysis of essential oils in perilla herb (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) using derivatized mass spectrometry imaging

Abstract

Perilla herb (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) is an annual plant that grows wild and is cultivated for food in many regions in Asia. Aromatic herbs such as perilla contain essential oils such as monoterpenoid perillaldehyde (PA) and bicyclic sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene (βC) and have distinctive fragrances. PA and βC also exhibit antibacterial and local anesthetic activity. Perilla herb is thus used as a herbal medicine component (Legault & Pichette, 2007) and may be an antidote for food poisoning. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a common component in perilla herb, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, enhances the concentration of monoamine in the brain, and inhibits amyloidβ aggregation (Hase, 2019). These essential oils act as secondary metabolites in extracellular oil glands in perilla (Figure 1). The oils are produced in inner plant cells and are transported to and stored in the oil glands. Conventional staining methods using Sudan red show the presence of essential oils in oil glands but provides only indirect information as it does not

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