Localisation of the Lines of Response in a Continuous Cylindrical Shell PET Scanner

Wilson, Keenan J.; Alabd, Roumani; Franklin, Daniel; Safavi-Naeini, Mitra

doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8856676

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Following this concept, an SPECT system using the same crystal type but with significantly smaller size was built with a field of view (FOV) of just 25.6 mm in diameter for imaging small rodents [14] and, a 26.5-cm diameter brain PET scanner, based on a single NaI(Tl) scintillator, was constructed and evaluated [15]. More recently, it was presented in a simulation study showing the feasibility of a PET scanner based on a continuous cylindrical scintillator shell designed for small animal or dedicated human imaging [16]. The reported system uses novel fast scintillation materials and the photosensors are coupled to both inner and outer faces of the cylinder.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Validation of a Rodent PET Scanner Prototype Based on a Single LYSO Crystal Tube

Freire

González-Montoro

Cañizares

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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Improving sensitivity and spatial resolution in small animal positron emission tomography imaging instrumentation constitutes one of the main goals of nuclear imaging research. These parameters are degraded by the presence of gaps between the detectors. The present manuscript experimentally validates our prototype of an edge-less preclinical PET system based on a single LYSO:Ce annulus with an inner diameter of 62 mm and ten outer facets of 26 × 52 mm 2 . Scintillation light is read out by arrays of 8 × 8 SiPMs coupled to the facets, using a projection readout of the rows and columns signals. The readout provides an accurate depth of interaction (DOI). We have implemented a calibration that mitigates the DOI-dependency of the transaxial and axial impact coordinates, and the energy photopeak gain. An energy resolution of 23.4 ± 1.8% was determined. The average spatial resolution of 1.4 ± 0.2 and 1.3 ± 0.4 mm FWHM were achieved for the radial and axial directions, respectively. We found a peak sensitivity of 3.8% at the system center, and a maximum NECR at 40.6 kcps for 0.27 mCi. The image quality (IQ) was evaluated using reconstructed images of an array of sources and the NEMA IQ phantom was also studied.

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Validation of a Rodent PET Scanner Prototype Based on a Single LYSO Crystal Tube

Freire

González-Montoro

Cañizares

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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“…Regarding PET systems, in 2019 a small animal system was simulated using GATE, by K.J. Wilson and others [134], using GLuGAG:Ce as scintillation material. The scanner had an internal diameter of 46 cm and 30 cm…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Dedicated PET Equipment with Non-Conventional Geometry

Ledo¹

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Since their introduction in the 1950-decade, tomographic images have become very valuable in the medical field helping both in diagnostics and in a variety of illnesses treatment. In the molecular imaging field, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) provides accurate information of the radio-tracers interactions with the patient tissue. Moreover, it is possible to combine this information with anatomical images provided by CT (Computed Tomography) or MR (Magnetic Resonance) scanners. With the aim to improve PET systems performance, such as the spatial resolution and the sensitivity, whole body (WB) PET scanners with large axial coverage are recently proposed. However, the system cost increases and, thus, makes difficult their installation in many hospitals or research centers. Organ-dedicated PET scanners, as an alternative to such large systems, use a lower number of detectors, so their price is considerably more economical. The goal of this kind of systems is to boost PET performance by placing the detectors as close as possible to the patient, optimizing the design for a specific organ instead of a large volume. Other advantage of these scanners is their portability. In this thesis we have worked in the design and validation of two organ-dedicated PET scanners with different geometries and technologies, as well as in a novel pre-clinical PET.The first scanner was the result from a national project called PROSPET. A PET system was designed and optimized to image the prostate area. Notice there is a high incidence rate of prostate cancer in the male population. 17% of male population will suffer prostate cancer. For this scanner, the detector modules were composed by a monolithic LYSO scintillation block coupled to a photosensor array based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). The first design configuration was made by two panels. However, patient results were not satisfactory due to the lack of angular information and the poor detector time resolution. Therefore, it was rebuilt in a ring configuration with a reduced diameter in comparison with WB-PET scanners. A high sensitivity and spatial resolution were found, as well as a good image quality using phantoms.The second PET scanner, called CardioPET, also arose from a national grant, and it was implemented to visualize the heart area when the patient is under stress condition. The two panels geometry was also implemented for this system, but using pixelated crystals, therefore improving the detector time resolution and allowing to use time of flight (TOF) reconstruction algorithms. Two panels were mounted and tested with both simulation and experimental data with good results. Furthermore, the patient motion was registered applying movement correction techniques with the help of an external optical camera device and ARUCO markers. These algorithms were tested showing a good performance. ivThe last device that we worked within this PhD thesis was designed to optimize the classical ring PET configuration as much as possible. To do so, the gaps between the detector mo...

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Conversion of Radiophotoluminescence Irradiation into Electricity in Photovoltaic Cells. A Review of Theoretical Considerations and Practical Solutions

Iwan¹,

Pellowski²,

Bogdanowicz

2021

Energies

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This review presents the current state of the knowledge regarding the use of radioactive sources to generate photonic light in scintillators as converters of ionizing radiation to electricity in photovoltaic cells. The possibility of using the phenomenon of the excitation of light photons in the scintillation materials during the interaction with particles and photons of ionizing radiation was analyzed in detail. The light photons obtained in such a way can generate an electric charge in photovoltaic cells. The whole process can be named as a nuclear cell (nuclear battery). Theoretically, the use of such physical phenomena seems to be an ideal practical solution to meet the energy needs of the modern world. However, there are many physical and technical problems that limit its widespread use in practical applications. In an ideal system, the ionizing radiation sources can emit the radiation for billions of years, and the energy of particles and photons from the radiation can be converted into photons in the scintillation material, with energy suitable to generate a photoelectric effect in a photovoltaic cell. Such a cascade sequence of different physical phenomena allows, from a theoretical point of view, for the creation of a virtually inexhaustible source of electricity. This review of historical and current literature reports aims to bring closer the idea of “energy perpetuum mobile”, which has troubled many scientists around the world for centuries.

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Localisation of the Lines of Response in a Continuous Cylindrical Shell PET Scanner

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Experimental Validation of a Rodent PET Scanner Prototype Based on a Single LYSO Crystal Tube

Experimental Validation of a Rodent PET Scanner Prototype Based on a Single LYSO Crystal Tube

Characterization of Dedicated PET Equipment with Non-Conventional Geometry

Conversion of Radiophotoluminescence Irradiation into Electricity in Photovoltaic Cells. A Review of Theoretical Considerations and Practical Solutions

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