Local structure, fluctuations, and freezing in two dimensions

Mituś, Antoni C.; Patashinski, Alexander Z.; Patrykiejew, A.; Sokołowski, Stefan

doi:10.1103/physrevb.66.184202

Cited by 25 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…This has been observed both experimentally [3,17,18] and via simulations [19][20][21]. On the other hand, systems with non-trivial interactions can be constructed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Analytical theory of effective interactions in binary colloidal systems of soft particles

Majka

Góra

2014

Phys. Rev. E

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While the density functional theory with integral equations techniques are very efficient tools in numerical analysis of complex fluids, an analytical insight into the phenomenon of effective interactions is still limited. In this paper we propose a theory of binary systems which results in a relatively simple analytical expression combining arbitrary microscopic potentials into the effective interaction. The derivation is based on translating many particle Hamiltonian including particle-depletant and depletant-depletant interactions into the occupation field language. Such transformation turns the partition function into multiple Gaussian integrals, regardless of what microscopic potentials are chosen. In result, we calculate the effective Hamiltonian and discuss when our formula is a dominant contribution to the effective interactions. Our theory allows us to analytically reproduce several important characteristics of systems under scrutiny. In particular, we analyze the effective attraction as a demixing factor in the binary systems of Gaussian particles, effective interactions in the binary mixtures of Yukawa particles and the system of particles consisting of both repulsive core and attractive/repulsive Yukawa interaction tail, for which we reproduce the 'attraction-through-repulsion' and 'repulsion-through-attraction' effects.

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“…This has been observed both experimentally [3,17,18] and via simulations [19][20][21]. On the other hand, systems with non-trivial interactions can be constructed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Analytical theory of effective interactions in binary colloidal systems of soft particles

Majka

Góra

2014

Phys. Rev. E

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“…In several studies, 2d liquids just below freezing have been observed to contain crystal-like patches of sixfold coordinated particles [111,28,112,105], which might be expected from the changes in g(r ) just before crystallization (see section 1.2 and [22]). The existence of crystal-like patches in the liquid complicates the detection of the freezing transition and it shows that, close to the freezing transition, the liquid is more complex than suggested by the pair-correlation function g(r ).…”

Section: Crystallization In Two Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Crystallization in three- and two-dimensional colloidal suspensions

Gasser

2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

234

242

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Despite progress in the understanding of crystal nucleation and crystal growth since the first theories for nucleation were developed, an exact quantitative prediction of the nucleation rates in most systems has remained an unsolved problem. Colloidal suspensions show a phase behavior that is analogous to atomic or molecular systems and serve accordingly as ideal model systems for studying crystal nucleation with an accuracy and depth on a microscopic scale that is hard to reach for atomic or molecular systems. Due to the mesoscopic size of colloidal particles they can be studied in detail on the single-particle level and their dynamics is strongly slowed down in comparison with atomic or molecular systems, such that the formation of a crystal nucleus can be followed in detail. In this review, recent progress in the study of homogeneous and heterogeneous crystal nucleation in colloids and the controlled growth of crystalline colloidal structures is reviewed. All this work has resulted in unprecedented insights into the early stage of nucleation and it is also relevant for a deeper understanding of soft matter materials in general as well as for possible applications based on colloidal suspensions.

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“…Moreover, although widely reported in simulations, equilibrium 2D vapor-liquid coexistence has not heretofore been observed in colloidal experiments due to the challenges of realizing the long-range attraction. Because of well-known difficulties with the interpretation of simulation results in the vicinity of a second-order transition, published studies have arrived at inconclusive estimates of the critical temperature of the Lennard-Jones system [19,20]. Therefore, unequivocal observation of equilibrium vapor-liquid coexistence and extrapolation of the coexistence line are crucial for the decisive determination of the vapor-liquid critical point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Space Mapping of the Two-Dimensional Phase Diagrams in Attractive Colloidal Systems

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. X

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Phase diagrams reflect the possible kinetic routes and guide various applications such as the designed assembly and synthesis of functional materials. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been a focus of ongoing research due to their wide applications; therefore, researchers are highly motivated to discover the general principles that control the assembly of such materials. In this study, we map the 2D phase diagrams of short-and long-range attractive colloids at single-particle resolution by video microscopy. Phase boundaries, including (meta)critical or triple points and corresponding real-space configurations, are precisely specified. Profiles of 2D phase diagrams with attractive interactions resemble their 3D counterparts. For short-range systems, by measuring the deepest achievable supercooled states on the phase diagram, a "crater" structure surrounding the metastable fluid-fluid critical point indicates an enhanced nucleation rate within the crater and further suggests a local minimum of the free-energy barrier for crystallization in this area. During a dense fluid-mediated two-step crystallization process, we observe that multiple crystallites could form within a single dense fluid cluster, partly due to its highly amorphous shape. This highly amorphous shape is found for all observed well-developed dense fluid clusters. It is a supplement to the multistep nucleation process. For long-range systems, equilibrium vapor-liquid coexistence is observed, which paves the way for the exploration of critical behaviors. Rigidity percolation of crystallites, and bulk fluid-solid coexistence which provide clear evidence of a possible first-order transition for 2D melting, are observed for both systems. Our experiments reveal the general features of phase behaviors shared by 2D attractive systems including graphene, protein membranes, and adsorbed nanocrystals.

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Local structure, fluctuations, and freezing in two dimensions

Cited by 25 publications

References 96 publications

Analytical theory of effective interactions in binary colloidal systems of soft particles

Analytical theory of effective interactions in binary colloidal systems of soft particles

Crystallization in three- and two-dimensional colloidal suspensions

Real-Space Mapping of the Two-Dimensional Phase Diagrams in Attractive Colloidal Systems

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