Local Riluzole Release from a Thermosensitive Hydrogel Rescues Injured Motoneurons through Nerve Root Stumps in a Brachial Plexus Injury Rat Model

Fang, Jintao; Li, Liang; Zhai, Hong; Qin, Bengang; Shi, Enxian; Zhu, Menghai; Yang, Jiantao; Liu, Xiaolin; Gu, Liqiang

doi:10.1007/s11064-020-03120-0

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Neurons undergoing apoptosis can be observed one week after injury in animal models (24,25), and more than 40% of dorsal root ganglion neurons die two months after injury (26). Motor neuron death increased in a rat model with the proximity of the injury site to the spinal cord (27,28). Some strategies to preserve healthy neurons capable of entirely reinnervating target tissues are critical for the best functional recovery after nerve injury.…”

Section: Protection Of Nerve Cells Against Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Riluzole has been successfully used with animal models to minimize symptoms by modulating presynaptic glutamate release via blocking the voltage-gated sodium channels (35,39). The use of Riluzole in vitro in adult dorsal root ganglion neurons is known to have a neuroprotective effect by promoting the neurites outgrowth in terms of number, length, and branch (28,40,41). Neurite outgrowth is necessary for nerve survival and regeneration after nerve damage to reinnervate target tissue.…”

Section: Sodium Ionic Current's Function In Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Ionic Currents in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

et al. 2022

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: Various factors may result in peripheral nerve injury leading to permanent functional loss. Here, we review the role of calcium and potassium ions in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. This narrative review of the literature collected its data by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, EBSCO, Scopus, and Science Direct. Publications were searched with no particular time restriction from 1997 to 2021, including all types of study. About 100 relevant papers were found from 1997, 77 of which were selected for this study. Both beta subunits of sodium channels are expressed in peripheral neurons, and drugs that affect those channels may facilitate nerve repair. Riluzole is a sodium/glutamate antagonist which has recently entered clinical trials for spinal cord injury. Riluzole's neuroprotective effects are due to sodium channel blockade and, subsequently, the prevention of Ca2+ overflow. Besides, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is a neurotransmitter of potassium channel blockers that increases the rate of functional improvement following peripheral nerve damage by promoting remyelination. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that stimulates an endogenous anti-inflammatory response and reduces pro-inflammatory processes, thus causing pain modulation. Inhibition of ROCKs accelerate the regeneration and functional restoration after spinal-cord damage in mammals, and inhibition of the Rho/ROCK pathway has been additionally proven efficacious in animal models of stroke, inflammatory and demyelinating diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, and neuropathic ache. Therefore, the neurite outgrowth of surviving neurons is necessary for nerve regeneration to reinnervate target tissue after nerve damage. One of the critical components of the damage response process is a local translation in axons, and it is critical for the regenerative outcome. On the other hand, it provides new axonal regrowth molecules and induces signals returning to the cell's soma to partake in regenerative pathways and survival.

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Section: Protection Of Nerve Cells Against Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sodium Ionic Current's Function In Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ionic Currents in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

et al. 2022

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“…Nrg1β improved the functional recovery of elbow flexion, promoted the survival of MNs, enhanced the re-innervation of biceps brachii and decreased muscle atrophy, providing a promising therapeutic approach to root avulsion [13]. Local administration of riluzole may also rescue injured MNs via promoting neuroprotection and increasing nerve regeneration [31].…”

Section: Small Molecular Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic strategies for brachial plexus injury

Hong¹,

Chen²,

Wu³

et al. 2021

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Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA), a severe acute peripheral nerve injury in adults, results in total loss of the motor function in the upper limb. Although immediate re-implantation surgery is widely performed to repair this lesion, the motor function cannot be fully restored. The main cause is that the growth velocity of axon is extremely slow in order to re-innervate the target muscles before atrophy develops. Therefore, the survival of spinal motoneurons (MNs) is considered to be a prerequisite for the recovery of motor function. The introduction of survival-proactive agents with anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation properties has emerged as a new approach to the motor function recovery following BPA. In the current review, we summarized the treatments of BPA in both mouse and rat models following re-implantation surgery. Furthermore, the pain treatment options following BPA were discussed.

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Local Riluzole Release from a Thermosensitive Hydrogel Rescues Injured Motoneurons through Nerve Root Stumps in a Brachial Plexus Injury Rat Model

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

The Role of Ionic Currents in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

The Role of Ionic Currents in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Therapeutic strategies for brachial plexus injury

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