Local, Regional, and Spinal Anesthesia in Ruminants

Edmondson, Misty A.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.015

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While the cows of this report were also positioned in lateral recumbency, only sedation and intravenous regional anesthesia were necessary. These are common procedures that can be used even under field conditions [3]. Surgical debridement in the cows included opening of the bursae and making the gliding surface of the TC partially visible, which has been described similarly in hors es [13].…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment of septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in 2 cows

Kofler

Erlacher²,

Pagliosa

2019

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G

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Two cows were referred to our clinic with moderate to severe hindlimb lameness due to infected wounds over the lateral and caudal aspect of tuber calcanei (TC) with regional swelling, consistent with septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis. Ultrasonography (7.5 MHz linear probe) revealed fibrinous/fibrino-purulent inflammatory bursal effusions in both cows, complete rupture of the superficial digital flexor tendon and a small, circumscribed, irregular and rough bone contour of the TC in case 2. Radiography revealed physiological findings in case 1, whereas there were osteomyelitis and later bone sequestration in case 2. Treatment consisted of thorough wound debridement, establishing access to the bursa, removal of all exudate and fibrin, creation of additional drainage portals and meticulous lavage using sterile 0.9 % saline solution containing 0.1 % povidone-iodine performed under sedation and intravenous regional anesthesia. In case 2, the infected bone area of the TC was removed using a curette. However, a small bone sequestration developed from the TC 15 days later, which was associated with osteomyelitis. This was removed during a second surgical intervention. Systemic antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory medications were administered peri- and post-surgically and the bursae flushed repeatedly. The affected tarsi were covered with a modified Robert-Jones bandage or a fiberglass cast. Cows 1 and 2 were discharged from the clinic 25 and 27 days after initial surgery, respectively, displaying mild lameness. Both cows were alive, not lame and were in advanced stages of pregnancy at the time of manuscript submission 8 and 12 months later, respectively. This report describes in detail 2 severe cases of septic fibrino-purulent subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in cows that were successfully treated by surgical debridement and lavage under a practical anesthetic protocol, followed by proper wound management in the post-surgical period. These effective surgical procedures can be performed under field conditions given the availability of adequate equipment.

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Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment of septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in 2 cows

Kofler

Erlacher²,

Pagliosa

2019

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G

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“…Os protocolos anestésicos escolhidos para o T1 e o T2 foram considerados eficientes e seguros, além de tecnicamente simples e factíveis de serem praticados, mesmo em condições de campo (Edmondson, 2016). A literatura descreve o uso do propofol como agente indutor e o isoflurano para a manutenção de anestesia em ovinos submetidos à mesma técnica de amputação de reto como a realizada neste relato (Huaixan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A literatura descreve o uso do propofol como agente indutor e o isoflurano para a manutenção de anestesia em ovinos submetidos à mesma técnica de amputação de reto como a realizada neste relato (Huaixan et al, 2011). Embora esse protocolo também seja uma alternativa, possui mais riscos devido à hipotensão e à depressão respiratória, além de maior custo e necessidade de aparelho de anestesia (Edmondson, 2016). O tratamento T1 foi realizado em seis animais, com início do prolapso até sua resolução cirúrgica variando de um a 15 dias.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Antes da cirurgia, foi realizado enema com soro fisiológico acrescido de 1% de clorexidina degermante para remover as fezes e higienizar a ampola retal. O protocolo anestésico foi iniciado com medicação pré-anestésica (MPA) à base de xilazina (0,1mg/kg) associada à meperidina (0,3mg/kg), por via intramuscular (IM), seguida de anestesia epidural lombossacra com lidocaína a 2%, na dose de 0,14mL/kg (Edmondson, 2016). A técnica cirúrgica empregada foi descrita por Anderson e Miesner (2008) (Fig.…”

Section: Casuísticaunclassified

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Prolapso retal em pequenos ruminantes: etiologia, técnicas anestésicas e cirúrgicas e evolução clínica em 12 animais - relato de caso

Schuh

Lera

Paula

et al. 2019

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RESUMO Este relato descreve o prolapso retal de grau II intermitente ou permanente em nove ovinos e três caprinos. Para se estabelecer e tratar a causa primária, o histórico clínico foi minuciosamente explorado, sendo complementado pelo atendimento a campo. Nos pacientes predominou sobrepeso e tosse devido à pneumonia e, em menor proporção, verminose e prenhez. Entre os fatores predisponentes identificados na propriedade estavam a inadequada ventilação e o excesso de poeira e amônia nas instalações, o que foi associado à prevalência alta de pneumonia. O tratamento incluiu a redução manual (T1) ou a amputação retal (T2), mediante anestesia epidural sacrococcígea ou lombossacral, respectivamente, com ou sem neuroleptoanalgesia, seguidas de sutura perianal em bolsa de tabaco captonada. Os tratamentos foram eficazes em todos os animais, embora com recidiva e necessidade de nova intervenção em dois pacientes após seu retorno à propriedade. Segundo a literatura consultada, este é o primeiro relato de prolapso em caprinos. Conclui-se que o histórico e a avaliação da propriedade são importantes para identificar e tratar a causa primária do prolapso, evitando-se recidivas, e que a cirurgia e o protocolo anestésico aqui utilizados foram eficientes e podem ser praticados mesmo em condições de campo.

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“…A single anesthetic drug usually does not ful ll all these criteria. High anesthesia doses may cause deep anesthesia and death, and low doses lead to shallow anesthesia and strong, painful stimuli that directly affect surgical outcome (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Three Anesthesia Drug Combinations in Miniature Pigs.

Kou¹,

Chen²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background To compare the effects of three anesthesia drug combinations in miniature pigs. Methods Guizhou miniature pigs （15 male, 15 female, 22-24 months）were randomly divided into three groups (n=10, 5 male, 5 female) and anesthetized intramuscularly (neck) with sumianxin Ⅱ (0.1 ml/kg) and 3% pentobarbital (0.8 ml/kg; Group A); ketamine (10 mg/kg) and 3% pentobarbital (0.8 ml/kg; Group B); or ketamine (10 mg/kg) combined with sumianxin II (0.1 ml/kg; Group C). Induction time, maintenance time, recovery time, and mortality were recorded. Heart rate, respiration, mean arterial pressure, and body temperature were analyzed pre-anesthesia (T0), after induction (T1), 30 min after operation (T2), 60 min after operation (T3), and at the end of anesthesia (resuscitation, T4). Results There were no significant differences in body weight, length, or experimental period between animals in the three treatment groups. The induction times of groups B and C (2-3 min) were significantly shorter than that of group A (7.4±1.1 min). The maintenance time of group B (136±11.4 min) was significantly different from those of groups A and C. The recovery time of group C was 4±1.0 min, compared with 9±0.6 min in group A and 10±1.5 min in group B. In group A, five pigs had adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting), and one pig died. All animals in group B had adverse reactions, and one pig died. The pigs in group C did not experience adverse reactions. The heart rates and respiration of the animals in group C were decreased at T2 and T3 compared with those of group A and B; there were no differences in heart rate and respiration between groups A and B. There were no differences in body temperature or mean arterial pressure of the pigs in the three treatment groups.Conclusions Intramuscular injection of ketamine combined with sumianxin Ⅱ is a suitable anesthesia therapy in miniature pigs because of short induction and recovery times, long maintenance time, and effectiveness.

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Local, Regional, and Spinal Anesthesia in Ruminants

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Surgical treatment of septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in 2 cows

Surgical treatment of septic subtendinous calcaneal bursitis in 2 cows

Prolapso retal em pequenos ruminantes: etiologia, técnicas anestésicas e cirúrgicas e evolução clínica em 12 animais - relato de caso

Effects of Three Anesthesia Drug Combinations in Miniature Pigs.

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