Local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma that simulated multiple renal arteriovenous fistulas after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: Report of a rare case

Abstract

Herein we report a patient who was initially thought to have renal arteriovenous fistulas 3 months after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for a small renal mass. After timely intervention using selective renal artery embolization, computed tomography 9 months post-surgery showed persistent renal arteriovenous fistulas and nodular lesions in the perirenal fat. The patient then underwent radical nephrectomy, and histopathological examination showed underlying recurrent clear cell renal cell carcinoma invading the intraparenchymal arteries and veins, which was simulating multiple high-flow renal arteriovenous fistulas.

Renal Pseudoaneurysm Mimicking Local Cancer Recurrence After Partial Nephrectomy

“…Furthermore, it is important to note that the presence of a vascular lesion does not preclude the presence of malignancy. For example, Aydin et al reported a patient that presented with hematuria and flank pain 3 month's post-partial nephrectomy for clear cell RCC 6 . CT was considered to be consistent with multiple arteriovenous fistulae and thus monitoring was the chosen course of action.…”

Editorial Comment to Local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma that simulated multiple renal arteriovenous fistulas after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: Report of a rare case

“…In the present case report, Aydin et al . presented, for the first time, a case of locally recurrent RCC mimicking multiple arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) in a male patient treated with laparoscopic right PN for cT1 renal mass . The procedure was reported as uneventful, but a microscopic positive surgical margin was found at the definitive pathology.…”