Local Probiotic Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii Exhibit Strong Antifungal Effects Against Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in a Rat Model

Li, Ting; Liu, Zhaohui; Zhang, Xu; Chen, Xi; Wang, Suxia

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01033

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The anti- Candida activity observed was partially attributed to the presence of bacteriocin, hydrogen peroxide, and lactic acid [ 162 ]. In addition, Li et al implicated that both L. crispatus and L. delbrueckii were able to inhibit 60 to 70% of C. albicans in VVC Sprague-Dawley rat model as compared to non-treated control [ 163 ].…”

Section: Potential Of Lactobacillus In Keeping Vagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

2020

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Human vagina is colonised by a diverse array of microorganisms that make up the normal microbiota and mycobiota. Lactobacillus is the most frequently isolated microorganism from the healthy human vagina, this includes Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus jensenii. These vaginal lactobacilli have been touted to prevent invasion of pathogens by keeping their population in check. However, the disruption of vaginal ecosystem contributes to the overgrowth of pathogens which causes complicated vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV), sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Predisposing factors such as menses, pregnancy, sexual practice, uncontrolled usage of antibiotics, and vaginal douching can alter the microbial community. Therefore, the composition of vaginal microbiota serves an important role in determining vagina health. Owing to their Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) status, lactobacilli have been widely utilised as one of the alternatives besides conventional antimicrobial treatment against vaginal pathogens for the prevention of chronic vaginitis and the restoration of vaginal ecosystem. In addition, the effectiveness of Lactobacillus as prophylaxis has also been well-founded in long-term administration. This review aimed to highlight the beneficial effects of lactobacilli derivatives (i.e. surface-active molecules) with anti-biofilm, antioxidant, pathogen-inhibition, and immunomodulation activities in developing remedies for vaginal infections. We also discuss the current challenges in the implementation of the use of lactobacilli derivatives in promotion of human health. In the current review, we intend to provide insights for the development of lactobacilli derivatives as a complementary or alternative medicine to conventional probiotic therapy in vaginal health.

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Section: Potential Of Lactobacillus In Keeping Vagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

2020

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“…Numerous studies have shown the considerable probiotic potential of L. crispatus, such as modulating the host's immune system [2], reducing allergic symptoms in mice [3], down-regulating the expression of cancer genes, and inhibiting the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines [4]. In addition, as one of the most detected Lactobacillus species in the healthy female vagina [5], L. crispatus can inhibit vaginal pathogenic microorganisms, and maintain the health of the female reproductive system [6][7][8]. Moreover, clinical trials have shown the therapeutic effect of L. crispatus on female vaginitis and recurrent urinary tract infection [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Genomics of Lactobacillus crispatus from the Gut and Vagina Reveals Genetic Diversity and Lifestyle Adaptation

Zhang

Ross

et al. 2020

Genes

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Lactobacillus crispatus colonizes the human feces, human vagina, and the crops and ceca of chicken. To explore the genetic characteristics and evolutionary relationships of L. crispatus isolated from different niches, we selected 37 strains isolated from the human vagina (n = 17), human feces (n = 11), and chicken feces (n = 9), and used comparative genomics to explore the genetic information of L. crispatus from the feces and vagina. No significant difference was found in the three sources of genomic features such as genome size, GC content, and number of protein coding sequences (CDS). However, in a phylogenetic tree constructed based on core genes, vagina-derived L. crispatus and feces-derived strains were each clustered separately. Therefore, the niche exerted an important impact on the evolution of L. crispatus. According to gene annotation, the L. crispatus derived from the vagina possessed a high abundance of genes related to acid tolerance, redox reactions, pullulanase, and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs). These genes helped L. crispatus to better adapt to the acidic environment of the vagina and obtain more nutrients, maintaining its dominance in the vagina in competition with other strains. In feces-derived bacteria, more genes encoding CRISPR/Cas system, glycoside hydrolases (GHs) family, and tetracycline/lincomycin resistance genes were found to adapt to the complex intestinal environment. This study highlights the evolutionary relationship of L. crispatus strains isolated from the vagina and feces, and the adaptation of L. crispatus to the host environment.

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“…They are associated with infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and sexually transmitted diseases. Gardnerella and Mobiluncus are the most common causative pathogens of BV (5), whereas Candida albicans is the most common causative pathogen of VVC (6). AV is often associated with pathogens such as Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effects of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus crispatus on the Adhesion of Seven Common Lower Genital Tract Infection-Causing Pathogens to Vaginal Epithelial Cells

Niu

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Med.

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Background/Purpose: Lactobacillus colonization is important to maintain urogenital flora stability and prevent pathogenic infection. Different Lactobacillus species have distinct properties and effects on the urogenital flora. To select probiotics that colonize the vagina and provide protection against pathogenic infection, we evaluated the adhesion of five Lactobacillus strains and their inhibitory effects on the adhesion of pathogens to vaginal epithelial cells (VECs). Methods and Materials: (1) Lactobacillus adhesion experiments: VK2/E6E7 and primary VECs were used to evaluate the adhesion of two Lactobacillus gasseri and three Lactobacillus crispatus strains. The adhesion of these five Lactobacillus strains was compared. (2) Adhesion inhibition experiments: The inhibitory effects of the five Lactobacillus strains on the adhesion of pathogens (Gardnerella, Mobiluncus, Candida albicans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis) were evaluated by adhesion exclusion, displacement, and competition experiments. Results: (1) Lactobacillus adhesion was stronger in the primary VECs than in the VK2/E6E7 VECs (P < 0.05). The adhesion of the three L. crispatus strains was stronger than that of the two L. gasseri strains (P < 0.05). L. crispatus 4# showed the strongest adhesion. (2) The exclusion, displacement, and competition experiments showed that all five Lactobacillus strains significantly inhibited the adhesion of the seven pathogenic strains to the VECs (P < 0.05). The displacement effect was stronger than the exclusion and competition effects of each Lactobacillus strain. (3) The results of the exclusion, displacement, and competition experiments indicated that L. gasseri 1# showed the strongest adhesion inhibition of C. albicans and S. agalactiae. L. crispatus 3# showed the strongest adhesion inhibition of S. aureus, whereas L. crispatus 4# showed the strongest adhesion inhibition of Gardnerella, Mobiluncus, E. coli, and E. faecalis. He et al. Effects of Lactobacillus on Pathogens Conclusion: The source of the VECs might not affect the selection of the most adhesive Lactobacillus strain. L. crispatus showed stronger VEC adhesion than L. gasseri. The degree of antagonism of the Lactobacillus strains toward the different pathogens varied. This result provides incentives for personalized clinical treatment.

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Local Probiotic Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii Exhibit Strong Antifungal Effects Against Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in a Rat Model

Cited by 49 publications

References 50 publications

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

Comparative Genomics of Lactobacillus crispatus from the Gut and Vagina Reveals Genetic Diversity and Lifestyle Adaptation

Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effects of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus crispatus on the Adhesion of Seven Common Lower Genital Tract Infection-Causing Pathogens to Vaginal Epithelial Cells

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