Local pollen dispersal and distant gene flow in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)

Burczyk, Jarosław; Lewandowski, Andrzej; Chalupka, W.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.003

Cited by 86 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Scotti et al (2008) in a mixed alpine stand found high gene flow via pollen and more spatially limited seed dispersal. Paternity analyses in P. abies seed orchards showed that pollen contamination is usually high (69-90%) and self-fertilization is low (0-6%) (Paule et al, 1993;Pakkanen et al, 2000;Burczyk et al, 2004). Such estimates are obtained before seed dispersal and seedling establishment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In Italy Norway spruce is naturally distributed in the Alps from Valle d'Aosta to Friuli-V.Giulia, with relic populations in the northern Appennines (Bernetti, 1995). P. abies is a predominantly outcrossing species, with both pollen and seeds dispersed by wind (Burczyk et al, 2004). Sexual maturity is usually reached at the age of 20-70 years (Chalupa, 2007).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spruce colonization at treeline: where do those seeds come from?

et al. 2009

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At treeline, selection by harsh environmental conditions sets an upward limit to arboreal vegetation. Increasing temperatures and the decline of traditional animal raising have favoured an upward shift of treeline in the last decades. These circumstances create a unique opportunity to study the balance of the main forces (selection and gene flow) that drive tree migration. We conducted a parentage analysis sampling and genotyping with five microsatellite markers in all Norway spruce individuals (342 juveniles and 23 adults) found in a recently colonized treeline area (Paneveggio forest, Eastern Alps, Italy). Our goal was to evaluate local reproductive success versus gene flow from the outside. We were able to identify both parents among local adults for only 11.1% of the juveniles. In the gamete pool we sampled, two-thirds were not produced locally. Effective seed dispersal distance distribution was characterized by a peak far from the seed source (mean 344.66 m ± 191.02 s.d.). Reproductive success was skewed, with six local adults that generated almost two-thirds (62.4%) of juveniles with local parents. Our findings indicate that, although a few local adults seem to play an important role in the colonization process at treeline, large levels of gene flow from outside were maintained, suggesting that the potential advantages of local adults (such as local adaptation, proximity to the colonization area, phenological synchrony) did not prevent a large gamete immigration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spruce colonization at treeline: where do those seeds come from?

et al. 2009

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“…Inbreeding, in addition to null alleles, should thus be considered to explain the heterozygote deficiency. Norway spruce is a largely outcrossing species (Burczyk et al, 2004), and inbreeding in Norway spruce is thus most likely because of mating among relatives within stands. Although the proportion of self-pollination was estimated by Koski (1973) to average 10-20%, a strong selection was observed against seedlings resulting from selfing (Koski, 1973).…”

Section: Mating Within Standsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the proportion of self-pollination was estimated by Koski (1973) to average 10-20%, a strong selection was observed against seedlings resulting from selfing (Koski, 1973). Another factor explaining the deviation from HWE may be the very few effective outcross males contributing to pollination in the Norway spruce (Burczyk et al, 2004). Fertility components that are known to vary strongly from year to year for trees (Finkeldey and Ziehe, 2004) may possibly explain such an uneven contribution from outcrossing trees.…”

Section: Mating Within Standsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial markers provide new insight into the genetic structure of North European Picea abies

et al. 2009

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Norway spruce of northern Europe expanded at the end of the last glacial out of one refugium in Russia. To provide a detailed insight into how the genetic structure in the northern European lineage of this species has been shaped by postglacial migration, recurrent pollen flow and marginality, we here compare variation at seven highly variable nuclear microsatellite loci in 37 populations (1715 trees) with mitochondrial DNA variation. Microsatellite diversity was high (H E ¼ 0.640) and genetic differentiation was low (F ST ¼ 0.029). The microsatellite structure supported a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-based hypothesis of two migration routes out of a single Russian refugium; one northwestern over Finland to northern Scandinavia, and one southwestern across the Baltic Sea into southern Scandinavia. Microsatellite diversity was maintained along the southwestern migration routes, whereas a significant decrease was observed towards the north. In contrast, the mtDNA diversity suggested higher amounts of historical gene flow towards the north than along the southwestern migration route. This suggests that the loss of nuclear diversity after postglacial colonization has been efficiently replenished by pollen-mediated gene flow in the south. Towards the north, smaller effective population size because of more limited seed and pollen production may have caused decreased nuclear diversity and increased inbreeding, reflecting the ecological marginality of the species in the north.

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“…It should be noted that the flowering of Norway spruce is known to be irregular and sporadic and that male reproductive success is more uneven among Norway spruce individuals (Burczyk et al, 2004;Shimono et al, 2011) than among Scots pines (Torimaru et al, 2012). Consequently, it is possible that the Norway spruce mothers were fertilized by pollen of different and restricted sets of fathers with different average breeding values, thereby influencing the breeding values of the OP progeny and decreasing the CC-OP genetic correlation.…”

Section: Genetic Correlations Between Op and CC Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic information from progeny trials: a comparison between progenies generated by open pollination and by controlled crosses

Hallingbäck

Jansson

2013

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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When conifer progenies generated by open pollination are assessed in field tests, it is usually assumed that all progenies of the same mother are true half-sibs. This assumption may be invalid, leading to overestimation of additive genetic variation and heritability and to biased breeding values. From one Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and one Norway spruce (Picea abies) seed orchard, containing 28 and 36 parent clones respectively, progenies generated by open pollination (OP) and by controlled crosses (CC) were planted in adjacent trials at two to three sites in southern Sweden. The tree height and diameter at breast height were measured and genetic parameters based on these traits were estimated for OP and CC progenies separately, in order to enable comparisons. Narrow sense heritability estimates for Scots pine and Norway spruce OP progenies (in the ranges 0.04-0.13 and 0.15-0.38, respectively) did not differ significantly from CC estimates (0.07-0.12 and 0.23-0.30), suggesting that OP-based heritability values were not overestimated to any great extent. Similarly, genetic correlations between OP and CC progenies were in the ranges 0.87-0.88 and 0.74-0.77 for Scots pine and Norway spruce, respectively, being significantly lower than unity only in the case of Norway spruce. OP-based breeding values for both species should therefore correspond well with those predicted from CC progenies, albeit not perfectly for Norway spruce. In conclusion, the assumption of true half-sibs for OP progenies was not violated to the extent that genetic parameter estimates or breeding value predictions were seriously biased.

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Local pollen dispersal and distant gene flow in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)

Cited by 86 publications

References 45 publications

Spruce colonization at treeline: where do those seeds come from?

Spruce colonization at treeline: where do those seeds come from?

Combined analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial markers provide new insight into the genetic structure of North European Picea abies

Genetic information from progeny trials: a comparison between progenies generated by open pollination and by controlled crosses

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