Local networks in visual cortex and their influence on neuronal responses and dynamics

Schummers, James; Mariño, Jorge; Sur, Mriganka

doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2005.09.017

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…We observed broader orientation tuning near the PWCs; this is consistent with recent studies using multi-electrode array recordings in conjunction with optical imaging in both cats and monkeys22, as well as studies using two-photon calcium imaging16. Other earlier studies reported a uniform distribution of orientation tuning of neuronal spike responses across the orientation map; that is, neurons near the PWCs are tuned to orientation as sharply as those away from PWCs23333435. Our simulation results on both OSIs and HWHHs showed that tuning strength varies widely among neurons near the PWCs (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Predicted contextual modulation varies with distance from pinwheel centers in the orientation preference map

Okamoto

Ikezoe

Tamura

et al. 2011

Sci Rep

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In the primary visual cortex (V1) of some mammals, columns of neurons with the full range of orientation preferences converge at the center of a pinwheel-like arrangement, the ‘pinwheel center' (PWC). Because a neuron receives abundant inputs from nearby neurons, the neuron's position on the cortical map likely has a significant impact on its responses to the layout of orientations inside and outside its classical receptive field (CRF). To understand the positional specificity of responses, we constructed a computational model based on orientation preference maps in monkey V1 and hypothetical neuronal connections. The model simulations showed that neurons near PWCs displayed weaker but detectable orientation selectivity within their CRFs, and strongly reduced contextual modulation from extra-CRF stimuli, than neurons distant from PWCs. We suggest that neurons near PWCs robustly extract local orientation within their CRF embedded in visual scenes, and that contextual information is processed in regions distant from PWCs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Predicted contextual modulation varies with distance from pinwheel centers in the orientation preference map

Okamoto

Ikezoe

Tamura

et al. 2011

Sci Rep

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“…Anatomical evidence suggests that neurons situated close to pinwheel centers are connected with neurons having all preferred orientations whereas neurons located in orientation domains are connected mostly with neurons sharing similar orientation preferences [31]. Along with location in the orientation map, laminar position is a main source of diversity in the inputs to a V1 neuron.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive behavior of neighboring neurons during adaptation-induced plasticity of orientation tuning in V1

et al. 2009

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BackgroundSensory neurons display transient changes of their response properties following prolonged exposure to an appropriate stimulus (adaptation). In adult cat primary visual cortex, orientation-selective neurons shift their preferred orientation after being adapted to a non-preferred orientation. The direction of those shifts, towards (attractive) or away (repulsive) from the adapter depends mostly on adaptation duration. How the adaptive behavior of a neuron is related to that of its neighbors remains unclear.ResultsHere we show that in most cases (75%), cells shift their preferred orientation in the same direction as their neighbors. We also found that cells shifting preferred orientation differently from their neighbors (25%) display three interesting properties: (i) larger variance of absolute shift amplitude, (ii) wider tuning bandwidth and (iii) larger range of preferred orientations among the cluster of cells. Several response properties of V1 neurons depend on their location within the cortical orientation map. Our results suggest that recording sites with both attractive and repulsive shifts following adaptation may be located in close proximity to iso-orientation domain boundaries or pinwheel centers. Indeed, those regions have a more diverse orientation distribution of local inputs that could account for the three properties above. On the other hand, sites with all cells shifting their preferred orientation in the same direction could be located within iso-orientation domains.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the direction and amplitude of orientation preference shifts in V1 depend on location within the orientation map. This anisotropy of adaptation-induced plasticity, comparable to that of the visual cortex itself, could have important implications for our understanding of visual adaptation at the psychophysical level.

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“…The preponderance of morphological and electrophysiological data predict that in the monkey, synaptic integration at the cellular and network levels differ between V1, a primary sensory area for unimodal representation, and LPFC, a high-order area for complex multimodal processing (review: Schummers et al, 2004; Fuster, 2015). V1 neurons are small, compact and highly excitable, properties that enable them to respond optimally to small, fast synaptic inputs and for building a network with a limited dynamic range but well-suited for signal transformations with relatively high input-output fidelity (review: Olshausen and Field, 2004; Vogels et al, 2005; Panzeri et al, 2010).…”

Section: Implications For Species-specific Cortical Areal Specializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyramidal Neurons Are Not Generalizable Building Blocks of Cortical Networks

Luebke

2017

Front. Neuroanat.

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A key challenge in cortical neuroscience is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how pyramidal neuron heterogeneity across different areas and species underlies the functional specialization of individual neurons, networks, and areas. Comparative studies have been important in this endeavor, providing data relevant to the question of which of the many inherent properties of individual pyramidal neurons are necessary and sufficient for species-specific network and areal function. In this mini review, the importance of pyramidal neuron structural properties for signaling are outlined, followed by a summary of our recent work comparing the structural features of mouse (C57/BL6 strain) and rhesus monkey layer 3 (L3) pyramidal neurons in primary visual and frontal association cortices and their implications for neuronal and areal function. Based on these and other published data, L3 pyramidal neurons plausibly might be considered broadly “generalizable” from one area to another in the mouse neocortex due to their many similarities, but major differences in the properties of these neurons in diverse areas in the rhesus monkey neocortex rules this out in the primate. Further, fundamental differences in the dendritic topology of mouse and rhesus monkey pyramidal neurons highlight the implausibility of straightforward scaling and/or extrapolation from mouse to primate neurons and cortical networks.

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Local networks in visual cortex and their influence on neuronal responses and dynamics

Cited by 20 publications

References 78 publications

Predicted contextual modulation varies with distance from pinwheel centers in the orientation preference map

Predicted contextual modulation varies with distance from pinwheel centers in the orientation preference map

Adaptive behavior of neighboring neurons during adaptation-induced plasticity of orientation tuning in V1

Pyramidal Neurons Are Not Generalizable Building Blocks of Cortical Networks

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