Local inflammatory response in colorectal cancer

Abstract

Type and intensity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in close proximity to the primary tumor are prognostically significant in postoperative patients. High intensity of TILs is considered to be a prognostically beneficial factor. The research included 66 postoperative colorectal cancer patients. The control group comprised 20 colon segments. Monoclonal antibodies LCA, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD20, CD23 and CD138 were used to differentiate between T and B lymphocytes. Types of cells in the infiltrate were defined. We found greater numbers of T and B lymphocytes located in close proximity to the cancerous tissue when compared to the control group. T lymphocyte intensity in the inflammatory infiltrations was directly correlated with the size of resected tumors, presence of regional lymphatic node metastases and histological grade of malignancy. Lymphocytic infiltrations of greater intensity located in close proximity to the primary tumor were found in subjects with less advanced colorectal cancer. The research presented here proves direct dependence between the immune system and colorectal cancer. The presence of lymphocytes in the inflammatory infiltrations located in close proximity to the cancerous tissue has been proved to be prognostically beneficial. The obtained results support the application of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer treatment.

Correlation Between Immune Lymphoid Cells and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Human Colon Cancer

“…Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide [1][2][3]; furthermore, its incidence has signi cantly increased recently [4] and is expected to further rise by 50% in the next ve years [5]. Epidemiological studies show that the causes of colon cancer are related to environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors, and that age, intestinal polyps, and ulcerative colitis also represent high-risk factors [6,7]; however, the speci c pathogenesis of colon cancer remains unclear.…”

“…In addition to tumour cells, stromal and immune cells are also present in the tumour microenvironment, where tumour cells often either recruit or locally induce their proliferation or differentiation to release an array of cytokines that participate in the immune response [10][11][12]. In colon cancer, T and B lymphocytes have been found in proximal colon tumour tissue [5], and natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, and Tables 1 and 2 show the clinical characteristics of the patients included in this study. The percentage of ILC3s and pDCs in tumour versus distal tissue was separated into "high" and "low" categories according to ILC3 and pDC content, with "high" representing a ratio > 1, and "low" representing a ratio < 1.…”

Nuclear expression of claudin‑3 in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines and tissues

“…Loss of cell polarity and disruption of intracellular adhesion are frequently observed during this process and serve important functions in cancer progression (4,5). The histological types of colorectal adenocarcinoma depend on the degree of glandular differentiation and cellular polarity (6). Tight junctions (TJs), which are the most apical type of cellular junction, maintain cell-cell adhesion, perform important roles in selective barriers and establish cellular polarity in epithelial cells (7)(8)(9).…”

Correlation Between Immune Lymphoid Cells and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Human Colon Cancer

“…Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide ( 1 – 3 ); furthermore, its incidence has significantly increased recently ( 4 ) and is expected to further rise by 50% in the next five years ( 5 ). Epidemiological studies show that the causes of colon cancer are related to environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors, and that age, intestinal polyps, and ulcerative colitis also represent high-risk factors ( 6 , 7 ); however, the specific pathogenesis of colon cancer remains unclear.…”

“…In addition to tumor cells, stromal and immune cells are also present in the tumor microenvironment, where tumor cells often either recruit or locally induce their proliferation or differentiation to release an array of cytokines that participate in the immune response ( 10 – 12 ). In colon cancer, T and B lymphocytes have been found in proximal colon tumor tissue ( 5 ), and natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, and neutrophils have been detected in the colon tumor microenvironment ( 12 ). Notably, the differential distribution of these cells in the tumor microenvironment reflects the diversity of tumor biology ( 13 ).…”