Local development: Conceptual bases and policy implications

Abstract

COFrEY W. J. and POI. ~SE M. (1985) Local development: conceptual bases and policy implications, Reg. Studies 19, 85-93. Although local development is frequently cited as an option within the broader context of regional policy, the concept remains vague. The bases of the local development approach lie in its complementarity with three traditional pillars of regional theory and policy: capital and infrastructure policies; migration as an adjustment mechanism; and growth centre strategies. In examining the potential utility of local development as an effective element of regional development policy, we emphasize the emergence of local entrepreneurship and the role of the State in stimulating local initiatives. Local development policy may be generalized in terms of three options involving financial assistance, access to information, and social animation. Regional development policy Local development Entrepreneurship Human capital CorrrY W. J. and POL/:SE M. (1985) D6veloppement local: bases conceptuelles et port~e politique, Reg. Studies 19, 85-93. Bien que le d6veloppement local se voit proposer en tant que option dans le cadre plus large de la politique r~gionale, la notion reste floue. Les racines de la faqon centr~e sur le d~veloppement local remontent au point o6 elle constitue le compl~ment des trois axes fondamentales de la th6orie et de la politique r~gionales; ~ savoir, les politiques de capital et d'dquipement, la migration comme m~canisme d'ajustement, et les strategies en faveur des p61es de croissance. En examinant l'utilit6 6ventuelle du d6veloppe-ment local comme ~l~ment-cl~ de la potitique r4gionale, on souligne la naissance d'un esprit d'entreprise locale et le r61e de l'Etat afin d'inciter des initiatives locales. En bref la politique du d6veloppement local comprend trois volets; aide financi&e, acc~s ~t l'information et action sociale. Politique r~gionale Esprit d'entreprise D6veloppement local Capital humain COFFEY W. J. and POL~SE M. (1985) Ortliche Entwicklung: Begriffsgrundlagen und Implikationen der Zielsetzung, Reg. Studies 19, 85-93. Obschon 6rtliche Entwick-

Development from within: an evaluative research on economic development strategies

“…The managerialist trend that focuses on service provision and tax reduction shifted to an entrepreneurialist orientation that actively promotes local economic development (Harvey 1989;Hayter 1997). Like Coffey and Polese (1985); Carvallo and Smith (1992) advocated the bottom-up approach that fosters local entrepreneurship to stimulate growth and economic progress. Economic development has been adopted for centuries because people chase jobs and income opportunities while communities seek local prosperity.…”

“…First, local economic development is called 'bottom-up initiatives' as locally inspired efforts to promote entrepreneurship at the community level or neighborhoods within urban areas-in terms of local agency in policy, research and development (Bryant and Preston 1990;ECC 1990;Hayter 1997). Coffey and Polese's (1985) four-stage model of a bottom-up approach to economic development focused upon local entrepreneurship by which endogenous factors provide the necessary condition for growth-the entrepreneur and human capital are important factors for local development. In stressing the role of individuals and institutions, the bottom-up approach seeks to broaden community involvement in LED that values local participation and popular input in terms of action, policies and institutions.…”

Opportunities and restrictions for the local-endogenous development in metropolitan areas of high industrial concentration: the case of Thriasio Pedio in Attica

“…Initialy, the growth poles (or polar) model was partially substituted by the local-endogenous development paradigm in order that crises' implications could be faced more effectively. This paradigm refers to integrated development (both in spatial and sectoral terms), based on the utilisation of the endogenous local potential, without the concentration of the population and economic activities in a few urban centres (Coffey, Polese, 1985;Theveniaut-Muller, 1999;Papadaskalopoulos, 2008). The alternative impementation of these two models is considered as the best solution for the adaptation of local economies to various economic situations.…”

“…At a local level, productive structures are exploited − factors such as employment, entrepreneurship, natural resources, social and political structures, traditions and cultural heritage as well as activities to which economic growth and improving living standards may all be related. Each of these factors needs to be coordinated with the others, a prerequisite that indicates the significance of cooperation at local level (Coffey, Polese, 1985;Bennett, Krebs, 1991;Christofakis, 2010).…”

Emprendimiento en El Salvador: La Inseguridad Ciudadana como barrera

“…Otros autores desarrollan esta idea otorgando más contenido a las tres dimensiones (Coffey & Polèse, 1985;Stöhr, 1985). De esta manera, la dimensión económica se caracteriza por un sistema productivo que permite el uso eficiente de los factores de producción, la generación de economías de escala y el aumento de la productividad hasta niveles que aumentan la competitividad en los mercados; la dimensión socio cultural viene definida por un sistema de relaciones económicas y sociales, unas instituciones locales y un conjunto de valores que sirven de base para el proceso de desarrollo; y la dimensión político-administrativa, caracterizada por la creación de un entorno local favorable y el impulso del desarrollo mediante iniciativas implementadas a nivel local.…”