Local Dependence

Marais, Ida

doi:10.1002/9781118574454.ch7

Cited by 80 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Person estimates for each subset are then compared by using an independent t test. To support unidimensionality, the percentage of tests outside the range −1.96 to 1.96 should not exceed 5%. To ensure local independence, residual correlations were evaluated against a relative cut off, ie, residual correlations greater than 0.20 above the average correlations indicate local dependency . To deal with local dependency, testlests were created, ie, sets of items were added together into new polytomous items, ie, “super items” with scores ranging from 0 to the maximum of the sum of the scores of the included items .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rasch analysis of the Patient Participation in Rehabilitation Questionnaire (PPRQ)

Melin

Fornazar

Spångfors

et al. 2019

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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Objective: To evaluate the Patient Participation in Rehabilitation Questionnaire (PPRQ) according to Rasch measurement theory.Method: Five hundred twenty-two post-discharge patients from a neurological rehabilitation unit were included. The PPRQ questionnaire comprises 20 items rated by a cohort of 522 patients about their experiences of participating in rehabilitation.The measurement properties of the PPRQ were evaluated by Rasch analysis of the responses. Results:The Rasch analysis of 20 items showed some major misfits, particularly three items addressing the involvement of family members. After removing those items, the model fit improved and no significant DIF remained. Despite improvements, person values (−2.96 to 4.86 logits) were not fully matched by the item values (−0.61 to 0.77 logits). Neither did the t test for unidimensionality meet the criterion of 5%, and local dependency was present. The unidimensionality and local dependency could, however, be accommodated for by four testlets. Conclusion:The PPRQ-17 showed that a ruler with a reasonable and clinical hierarchy can be constructed, although the expectations of dimensionality and local dependency need to be evaluated further. Despite room for further development, PPRQ-17 nevertheless shows improved measurement precision in terms of patient leniency compared with previous evaluations with classical test theory. In turn, this can play a crucial role when comparing different rehabilitation programs and planning tailored care development activities.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rasch analysis of the Patient Participation in Rehabilitation Questionnaire (PPRQ)

Melin

Fornazar

Spångfors

et al. 2019

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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“…The Rasch analysis was carried out using the RUMM2030 software (Version 5.1, RUMM Laboratory, Perth, Australia) [85,86]. First, we checked the Rasch model assumptions: monotonicity [87,88]; local independence [87,89]; unidimensionality [87,88,90]; absence of differential item (i.e., stimulus for our case) functioning (DIF) or stimulus bias [87,88,91,92]. Then, we considered the reliability in terms of the Person Separation Index (PSI) and the Cronbach's alpha [88,[93][94][95].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rasch Model: Scaling of Drawings Concerning the Rasch model assumptions, the monotonicity request was satisfied, i.e., the responses for all the stimuli were used consistently (the difficulty thresholds were ordered) [97]. There was no local dependence: For all the stimuli, the residual correlations were lower than 0.2 [89]. The unidimensionality was confirmed by a post hoc paired t-test on separate estimates for each respondent (derived from subsets of stimuli identified by a Principal Component Analysis of the residuals): The percentage of significant tests was less than 5% of all the tests [90].…”

Section: Online Recognition Task (Objectives 2a and 2b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s Psychological Representation of Earthquakes: Analysis of Written Definitions and Rasch Scaling

2019

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Natural disasters have a potential highly traumatic impact on psychological functioning. This is notably true for children, whose vulnerability depends on their level of cognitive and emotional development. Before formal schooling, children possess all the basic abilities to represent the phenomena of the world, including natural disasters. However, scarce attention has been paid to children’s representation of earthquakes, notwithstanding its relevance for risk awareness and for the efficacy of prevention programs. We examined children’s representation of earthquakes using different methodologies. One hundred and twenty-eight second- and fourth-graders completed a written definition task and an online recognition task, analyzed through the Rasch model. Findings from both tasks indicated that, in children’s representation, natural elements such as geological ones were the most salient, followed by man-made elements, and then by person-related elements. Older children revealed a more complex representation of earthquakes, and this was detected through the online recognition task. The results are discussed taking into account their theoretical and applied relevance. Beyond advancing knowledge of the development of the representation of earthquakes, they also inform on strengths and limitations of different methodologies. Both aspects are key resources to develop prevention programs for fostering preparedness to natural disasters and emotional prevention.

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“…Where values exceed 0.2, the first step is to carefully check the wording of the items. Subtest analysis, rerunning Rasch analysis having combined dependent items, can be used to assess the extent to which reliability has been inflated (Marais ). Remedial action may involve the rewording or removal of items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a General Legal Confidence Scale: A First Implementation of the Rasch Measurement Model in Empirical Legal Studies

Pleasence¹,

Balmer²

2019

J Empirical Legal Studies

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Legal capability has long been of evident importance in our understanding of legal problem resolution behavior. Although legal capability remains a contested concept, there is much commonality between specifications. Some aspects are generic, while others—such as legal confidence—are particular to law. Such law‐specific measures as have been developed to date have been developed in an ad‐hoc fashion; with no attempts made to test psychometric properties, using either classical test theory or modern psychometric methods. This has been a shortcoming in the empirical legal field, weakening theoretical development and precluding reliable estimation of changes in levels of legal capability over time. In this article, we set out details of a study aimed at introducing new methods to scale development in the field of empirical legal studies based on the approaches that have evolved in other fields and the latest developments in psychometric modeling. Specifically, we set out details of the use of a specially designed item pool—based on an increasingly demanding legal scenario—and Rasch analysis to develop a general legal confidence scale. Once the 12 item pool items were reduced to a final set of six, this yielded a scale with good psychometric properties: a General Legal Confidence (GLC) Scale. The scale showed good overall fit, item fit, person fit, targeting, and internal consistency. All items had ordered thresholds, there was no response dependence, items were unidimensional, and there was no evidence of differential item functioning. The GLC scale constitutes an effective measure of general legal confidence, and demonstrates it is possible to arrive at robust and coherent law‐specific measures of legal capability through the careful design of questions and application of the latest psychometric modeling techniques.

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Local Dependence

Cited by 80 publications

References 16 publications

Rasch analysis of the Patient Participation in Rehabilitation Questionnaire (PPRQ)

Rasch analysis of the Patient Participation in Rehabilitation Questionnaire (PPRQ)

Children’s Psychological Representation of Earthquakes: Analysis of Written Definitions and Rasch Scaling

Development of a General Legal Confidence Scale: A First Implementation of the Rasch Measurement Model in Empirical Legal Studies

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