Local density of states of chiral Hall edge states in gyrotropic photonic clusters

Asatryan, A. A.; Botten, L. C.; Fang, Kejie; Fan, Shanhui; McPhedran, R. C.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.88.035127

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…These single-mode one-way waveguides can also be realized in coupled defect cavities [26], self-guide [27] in freestanding slabs [28] and have robust local density of states [29]. They have enabled novel device designs for tunable delays and phase shifts with unity transmission [7], reflectionless waveguide bends and splitters [30], signal switches [31], directional filters [32,33], broadband circulators [34] and slowlight waveguides [35].…”

Section: Gyromagnetic Photonic Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological photonics

2014

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The application of topology, the mathematics studying conserved properties through continuous deformations, is creating new opportunities within photonics, bringing with it theoretical discoveries and a wealth of potential applications. This field was inspired by the discovery of topological insulators, in which interfacial electrons transport without dissipation even in the presence of impurities. Similarly, the use of carefully-designed wave-vector space topologies allows the creation of interfaces that support new states of light with useful and interesting properties. In particular, it suggests the realization of unidirectional waveguides that allow light to flow around large imperfections without back-reflection. The present review explains the underlying principles and highlights how topological effects can be realized in photonic crystals, coupled resonators, metamaterials and quasicrystals.Frequency, wavevector, polarization and phase are degrees of freedom that are often used to describe a photonic system. In the last few years, topology -a property of a photonic material that characterizes the quantized global behavior of the wavefunctions on its entire dispersion band-has been emerging as another indispensable ingredient, opening a path forward to the discovery of fundamentally new states of light and possibly revolutionary applications. Possible practical applications of topological photonics include photonic circuitry less dependent on isolators and slow light insensitive to disorder.Topological ideas in photonics branch from exciting developments in solid-state materials, along with the discovery of new phases of matter called topological insulators [1, 2]. Topological insulators, being insulating in their bulk, conduct electricity on their surfaces without dissipation or backscattering, even in the presence of large impurities. The first example was the integer quantum Hall effect, discovered in 1980. In quantum Hall states, two-dimensional (2D) electrons in a uniform magnetic field form quantized cyclotron orbits of discrete eigenvalues called Landau levels. When the electron energy sits within the energy gap between the Landau levels, the measured edge conductance remains constant within the accuracy of about one part in a billion, regardless of sample details like size, composition and impurity levels. In 1988, Haldane proposed a theoretical model to achieve the same phenomenon but in a periodic system without Landau levels [3], the so-called quantum anomalous Hall effect.Posted on arXiv in 2005, Haldane and Raghu transcribed the key feature of this electronic model into photonics [4,5]. They theoretically proposed the photonic analogue of the quantum (anomalous) Hall effect in photonic crystals [6], the periodic variation of optical materials, molding photons the same way as solids modulating electrons. Three years later, the idea was confirmed by Wang et al., who provided realistic material designs [7] and experimental observations [8]. Those studies spurred numerous subsequent theoretical [9...

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Section: Gyromagnetic Photonic Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological photonics

2014

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“…Using the discovered multimode one-way waveguides, we also predicted an adjustable power splitter with unity efficiency. Since the first demonstration of the quantum (anomalous) Hall phase in photonic crystals, there have been a wide range of theoretical [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and experimental [21][22][23][24] efforts to investigate systems with single-mode one-way edge states. We expect our findings of large Chern numbers and multimode one-way waveguides to create even wider opportunities in topological photonics.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multimode One-Way Waveguides of Large Chern Numbers

2014

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“…The parameters of this semi-infinite photonic crystal are the same as for the example used in the convergence test study reported in Table 1, except that the cylinders have formed a honeycomb lattice. It has been shown in [17] that, in such clusters with N c 854 cylinders, there exists a chiral Hall edge state with wavelength λ∕d 3.928 i0.0177 (for details, see Fig. 11 in [17]).…”

Section: Chiral Hall Edge State Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent paper [17], the Green's tensor was constructed for two-dimensional gyrotropic clusters composed of cylinders with circular cross sections based on the multipole method. The LDOS of gyrotropic clusters that support the topological chiral Hall edge states were characterized also.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional Green’s tensor for gyrotropic clusters composed of circular cylinders

et al. 2014

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The construction of Green's tensor for two-dimensional gyrotropic photonic clusters composed of cylinders with circular cross sections using the semi-analytic multipole method is presented. The high efficiency and accuracy of the method is demonstrated. The developed method is applied to gyrotropic clusters that support topological chiral Hall edge states. The remarkable tolerance of chiral Hall edge modes toward substantial cluster separation is revealed. The transformation of chiral Hall edge states as the cluster separation increases is also presented. The excitation of chiral Hall edge modes for different source orientations is considered. Both gyroelectric and gyromagnetic (ferrite) clusters are treated.

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Local density of states of chiral Hall edge states in gyrotropic photonic clusters

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Topological photonics

Topological photonics

Multimode One-Way Waveguides of Large Chern Numbers

Two-dimensional Green’s tensor for gyrotropic clusters composed of circular cylinders

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