Local cooling of pre‐frontal cortex induces pacemaker‐like firing of dopamine neurons in rat ventral tegmental area <i>in vivo</i>

Svensson, Torgny H.; Tung, Che‐Se

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1989.tb08640.x

Cited by 138 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Modulation of glutamatergic afferents plays an important role in regulating VTA DA neuronal activity (Overton and Clark, 1997), especially in mediating the switch from pacemaker-like to burst-firing pattern (Gariano and Groves, 1988;Svensson and Tung, 1989;Johnson et al, 1992;Murase et al, 1993;Zhang et al, 1994). Importantly, burst firing of DA neurons leads to larger and transient extracellular DA concentrations as compared with single spiking (Gonon, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Induces 2-Arachidonoyl-Glycerol-Mediated Suppression of Excitation in Dopamine Neurons

Melis¹,

Perra²,

Muntoni³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

229

179

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Endocannabinoids form a novel class of retrograde messengers that modulate short-and long-term synaptic plasticity. Depolarizationinduced suppression of excitation (DSE) and inhibition (DSI) are the best characterized transient forms of endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic modulation. Stimulation protocols consisting of long-lasting voltage steps to the postsynaptic cell are routinely used to evoke DSE-DSI. Little is known, however, about more physiological conditions under which these molecules are released in vitro. Moreover, the occurrence in vivo of such forms of endocannabinoid-mediated modulation is still controversial. Here we show that physiologically relevant patterns of synaptic activity induce a transient suppression of excitatory transmission onto dopamine neurons in vitro. Accordingly, in vivo endocannabinoids depress the increase in firing and bursting activity evoked in dopamine neurons by prefrontal cortex stimulation. This phenomenon is selectively mediated by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG), which activates presynaptic cannabinoid type 1 receptors. 2-AG synthesis involves activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors and Ca 2ϩ mobilization from intracellular stores. These findings indicate that dopamine neurons release 2-AG to shape afferent activity and ultimately their own firing pattern. This novel endocannabinoid-mediated self-regulatory role of dopamine neurons may bear relevance in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and addiction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Induces 2-Arachidonoyl-Glycerol-Mediated Suppression of Excitation in Dopamine Neurons

Melis¹,

Perra²,

Muntoni³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

229

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The spontaneous, synchronous, and tonic activity characteristic of the neurons in these regions (Aston-Jones and Bloom, 1981;Grace and Onn, 1989;Jacobs and Fornal, 1991) makes them well suited for the generation and propagation of rhythms throughout the brain. In addition, the existence of direct inputs both between these brainstem regions (Pickel et al, 1977;Herve et al, 1987;Grenhoff et al, 1993) and higher cortical areas allows for a system that can be easily modulated by top-down regulation (Svensson and Tung, 1989;Jodo et al, 1998;Brown et al, 2002). It is proposed that the pacemaker activity of these brainstem nuclei is responsible for pulsatile neurotransmitter release into the cortex, at a rate and rhythm that is modulated both by other brainstem regions and fluctuations in cortical activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating the Rate and Rhythmicity of Perceptual Rivalry Alternations with the Mixed 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A Agonist Psilocybin

Carter

Pettigrew

Hasler

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Binocular rivalry occurs when different images are presented simultaneously to corresponding points within the left and right eyes. Under these conditions, the observer's perception will alternate between the two perceptual alternatives. Motivated by the reported link between the rate of perceptual alternations, symptoms of psychosis and an incidental observation that the rhythmicity of perceptual alternations during binocular rivalry was greatly increased 10 h after the consumption of LSD, this study aimed to investigate the pharmacology underlying binocular rivalry and to explore the connection between the timing of perceptual switching and psychosis. Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, PY) was chosen for the study because, like LSD, it is known to act as an agonist at serotonin (5-HT) 1A and 5-HT 2A receptors and to produce an altered state sometimes marked by psychosis-like symptoms. A total of 12 healthy human volunteers were tested under placebo, low-dose (115 mg/kg) and high-dose (250 mg/kg) PY conditions. In line with predictions, under both low-and high-dose conditions, the results show that at 90 min postadministration (the peak of drug action), rate and rhythmicity of perceptual alternations were significantly reduced from placebo levels. Following the 90 min testing period, the perceptual switch rate successively increased, with some individuals showing increases well beyond pretest levels at the final testing, 360 min postadministration. However, as some subjects had still not returned to pretest levels by this time, the mean phase duration at 360 min was not found to differ significantly from placebo. Reflecting the drug-induced changes in rivalry phase durations, subjects showed clear changes in psychological state as indexed by the 5D-ASC (altered states of consciousness) rating scales. This study suggests the involvement of serotonergic pathways in binocular rivalry and supports the previously proposed role of a brainstem oscillator in perceptual rivalry alternations and symptoms of psychosis.

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“…Conversely, inactivation of the glutamatergic input to the VTA reduces the occurrence of burst firing in dopamine cells (Murase et al, 1993). Burst firing is associated with augmented dopamine release (Grace and Bunney, 1984;Gonon, 1988;Grenhoff et al, 1988b;Svensson and Tung, 1989;Grace, 1991;Manley et al, 1992;Nissbrandt et al, 1994). Thus, it seems likely that the excitatory PFC pathway to the VTA contributes importantly to the regulation of dopamine cell activity and consequently to the control of dopamine release from mesolimbic dopamine terminals Moghaddam, 1994, 1996;Tong et al, 1996a,b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Increase of Extracellular Glutamate and Expression of Fos‐Like Immunoreactivity in the Ventral Tegmental Area in Response to Electrical Stimulation of the Prefrontal Cortex

Rossetti¹,

Marcangione

Wise

1998

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Electrical stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex caused glutamate release in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of freely moving animals. Cathodal stimulation was given through monopolar electrodes in 0.1-ms pulses at an intensity of 300 biA and frequencies of 4-120 Hz. Glutamate was measured in 10-min perfusate samples by HPLC coupled with fluorescence detection following precolumn derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde/ß-mercaptoethanol. The stimulation-induced glutamate release was frequency dependent and was blocked by the infusion of the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (10 1iM) through the dialysis probe. The stimulation also induced bilateral Fos-like immunoreactivity in ventral tegmental neurons, with a significantly greater number of Fos-positive cells on the stimulated side. These findings add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the medial prefrontal cortex regulates dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens via its projection to dopamine cell bodies in the VTA. Key Words: Prefrontal cortexVentral tegmental area-Glutamate-Fos-like immunoreactivity-Microdialysis-Electrical stimulation. J. Neurochem. 70, 1503-1512 (1998).There has been considerable recent interest in the possibility that glutamatergic fibers from the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the striatum might presynaptically regulate striatal dopamine release (Giorguieff et al., 1977;Chesselet, 1984;Cheramy et al., 1986;Romo et al., 1986b;Abercrombie and Zigmond, 1990;Grace, 1993;Greenamyre, 1993). Glutamate infusion into the striatum elevates extracellular dopamine, but this effect is insensitive to the perfusion of the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX) (Giorguieff et al., 1977;Roberts and Sharif, 1978;Roberts and Anderson, 1979; Marien et al., 1983;Clow and Jhamandas, 1989;Lonart and Zigmond, 1991; but see Youngren et al., 1993). Disinhibition of prefrontal cortex by local interference with GABAergic transmission (Karremann and Moghaddam, 1996) or by GABA infusion into the medial thalamus (Romo et al., 1986a,b) similarly increases striatal dopamine levels while, at least in the latter case, inhibiting the firing of the ventral tegmental dopaminergic neurons that project to the striatum. However, glutamate antagonists infused into the striaturn tend to have no effect (Carter et al., 1988;Imperato et al., 1990;Leviel et al., 1990; Moghaddarn and Gruen, 1991; Rao et al., 1991;Keefe et al., 1992; or tend to increase extracellular dopamine levels (Barbeito et al., 1990; Moghaddarn and Gruen, 1991). Moreover, prefrontal neurons do not appear to make synaptic contact with doparninergic terminals in the striatum; rather, glutamatergic and dopaminergic terminals each synapse primarily on medium spiny neurons, often on adjacent regions of the same dendritic spine (Bouyer et al., 1984;Sesack and Pickel, 1992;Smith et al., 1994). Thus, a number of groups have begun to look for alternate avenues by which glutamatergic projections from the frontal cortex might influence dopamine levels in the striatum.The PFC sends ...

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Local cooling of pre‐frontal cortex induces pacemaker‐like firing of dopamine neurons in rat ventral tegmental area in vivo

Cited by 138 publications

References 5 publications

Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Induces 2-Arachidonoyl-Glycerol-Mediated Suppression of Excitation in Dopamine Neurons

Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Induces 2-Arachidonoyl-Glycerol-Mediated Suppression of Excitation in Dopamine Neurons

Modulating the Rate and Rhythmicity of Perceptual Rivalry Alternations with the Mixed 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A Agonist Psilocybin

Increase of Extracellular Glutamate and Expression of Fos‐Like Immunoreactivity in the Ventral Tegmental Area in Response to Electrical Stimulation of the Prefrontal Cortex

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