Local Control of Vascular Resistance

Haddy, Francis J.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1974.00320180034003

Cited by 45 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Alterations in blood pH and electroa lyte colcentrations can affect local -Qna trol of vascular resistance (17): hypoka-X lemic alkalosis would be expected to increase vascular resistance and it has been proposed that hypokalemia and = metabolic alkalosis contribute to vasob constriction in mineralocorticoid hypere tension (17). In the present study, how-, ever, the blood pressure was lower when ' the severity of the hypokalemia and alka-2 losis was greater ( Table 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 50%

Dietary Chloride as a Determinant of "Sodium-Dependent" Hypertension

Tw¹,

Morris²

1983

Science

140

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The uninephrectomized rat given desoxycorticosterone (DOC) provides a classic model of "sodium-dependent" hypertension. In such rats, the extent to which a given dietary intake of sodium induced an increase in blood pressure depended on whether or not the anionic component of the sodium salt was chloride. With normal and high dietary intakes of sodium, sodium chloride induced increases in blood pressure much greater than that induced by approximately equimolar amounts of sodium bicarbonate, sodium ascorbate, or a combination of sodium bicarbonate and sodium ascorbate. A normal amount of dietary sodium chloride induced hypertension, whereas an equimolar amount of sodium bicarbonate did not increase blood pressure. This difference could not be attributed to differences in sodium or potassium balances, weight gain, or caloric intake. The DOC model of "sodium-dependent" hypertension might better be considered sodium chloride-dependent.

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mentioning

confidence: 50%

Dietary Chloride as a Determinant of "Sodium-Dependent" Hypertension

Tw¹,

Morris²

1983

Science

140

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“…37 The significant correlation between SBP and albumin concentration, as well as a reported positive correlation between albumin and hematocrit, lends support to this explanation. 30 Consistent with other studies, 32 we found an independent positive effect of hematocrit on DBP, with a 1% difference in hematocrit corresponding to an average increment of 0.35 mm Hg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Correlates of blood pressure in community-dwelling older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Collaborative Research Group.

et al. 1994

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Although elevated blood pressure is an important predictor of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the elderly, little information exists on the distribution and risk factor correlates of blood pressure in this group. As part of the Cardiovascular Health Study, a population-based cohort study of 5201 men and women aged 65 to 101 years, we investigated correlates of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for all participants and a subgroup of 2482 without coronary heart disease and not on antihypertensive therapy (the "healthier" subgroup). In the total group, independent predictors of diastolic blood pressure included heart rate, aortic root dimension, creatinine, hematocrit, alcohol use, and black race (positive associations) and internal carotid artery wall thickness, mitral early/late peak flow velocity, white blood cell count, cigarette smoking, and age (negative associations). Positive predictors of systolic blood pressure included mitral late peak flow velocity, left ventricular mass, common carotid artery wall thickness, serum albumin, factor VII, diabetes, alcohol use, and age; negative predictors were coronary heart disease, uric acid, height, and smoking. In the healthier subgroup, positive predictors of diastolic blood pressure included heart rate, hematocrit, serum albumin, creatinine, and body weight, whereas mitral early/ late peak flow velocity, serum potassium, smoking, and age inversely related to diastolic pressure. For the same group, common carotid artery wall thickness, left ventricular mass, serum albumin, factor VII, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and age were directly related to systolic blood pressure, whereas serum potassium was inversely related. Both systolic and diastolic pressures varied considerably by geographic site. Thus, in the elderly blood pressure is associated with a variety of factors as previously reported in younger populations and also with cardiovascular disease status, subclinical disease, and several blood chemistry variables not previously reported. and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) have been established as independent risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality from cardiac failure, cerebral arterial hemorrhage or occlusion, aortic aneurysms, coronary heart disease (CHD), and renal failure in both middle-aged and older adults. that of 1990, the magnitude of the problem of hypertension in the elderly is expected to increase.It is important to delineate the distribution and determinants of BP in older adults so that appropriate strategies for further research in the prevention of morbidity and mortality can be developed. Furthermore, because most current information on the association between elevated BP and other risk factors and abnormalities has been obtained in middle-aged populations, their significance in older adults needs further elaboration. For example, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major complication of hypertension, and the probability of sudden death increases manyfold in hyper...

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“…Other investigators studying hypertension proposed that an endogenous ligand inhibited Na,K-ATPase activity in vascular tissue (75–77), causing vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. In 1977, Blaustein (78) proposed a unifying concept of how an endogenous compound could cause vasoconstriction through inhibition of the Na,K-ATPase.…”

Section: Endogenous Nak-atpase Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiological Significance of the Cardiotonic Steroid/Ouabain-Binding Site of the Na,K-ATPase

Lingrel

2010

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

268

251

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The Na,K-ATPase is the membrane "pump" that generates the Na + and K + gradients across the plasma membrane that drives many physiological processes. This enzyme is highly sensitive to inhibition by cardiotonic steroids, most notably the digitalis/ouabain class of compounds, which have been used for centuries to treat congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. The amino acids that constitute the ouabain-binding site are highly conserved across the evolutionary spectrum. This could be fortuitous or could result from this site being conserved because it has an important biological function. New physiological approaches using genetically engineered mice are being used to define the biological significance of the "receptor function" of the Na,K-ATPase and its regulation by potential endogenous cardiotonic steroid-like compounds. These studies extend the reach of earlier studies involving the biochemical purification of endogenous regulatory ligands.

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Local Control of Vascular Resistance

Cited by 45 publications

References 117 publications

Dietary Chloride as a Determinant of "Sodium-Dependent" Hypertension

Dietary Chloride as a Determinant of "Sodium-Dependent" Hypertension

Correlates of blood pressure in community-dwelling older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Collaborative Research Group.

The Physiological Significance of the Cardiotonic Steroid/Ouabain-Binding Site of the Na,K-ATPase

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