Local Conditions, Not Regional Gradients, Drive Demographic Variation of Giant Ragweed (<i>Ambrosia trifida</i>) and Common Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i>) Across Northern U.S. Maize Belt

Wortman, Sam E.; Davis, Adam S.; Schutte, Brian J.; Lindquist, John L.; Cardina, John; Felix, Joel; Sprague, Christy L.; Dille, J. Anita; Ramirez, Analiza H. M.; Reicks, Graig; Clay, Sharon A.

doi:10.1614/ws-d-11-00196.1

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Variation in plant size of A. artemisiifolia was previously found in field surveys in smaller geographical areas (Fumanal et al 2007a(Fumanal et al , 2008Ortmans et al 2016), but our study shows that variation across sites (rather than across regions) is also the most important spatial level when examined across the entire European distribution of the species. Local conditions and not regional gradients were also found to drive demographic variation in two closely related species, Ambrosia trifida and Helianthus annuus, on corn fields in the US (Wortman et al 2012). Spatial variation in plant volume of A. artemisiifolia was best explained, however, by combining explanatory information from all levels (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Explaining variability in the production of seed and allergenic pollen by invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia across Europe

et al. 2017

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To better manage invasive populations, it is vital to understand the environmental drivers underlying spatial variation in demographic performance of invasive individuals and populations. The invasive common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, has severe adverse effects on agriculture and human health, due to its vast production of seeds and allergenic pollen. Here, we identify the scale and nature of environmental factors driving individual performance of A. artemisiifolia, and assess their relative importance. We studied 39 populations across the European continent, covering different climatic and habitat conditions. We found that plant size is the most important determinant in variation of per-capita seed and pollen production. Using plant volume as a measure of individual performance, we found that the local environment (i.e. the site) is far more influential for plant volume (explaining 25% of all spatial Published in "Biological Invasions doi: 10.1007/s10530-017-1640-9, 2018" which should be cited to refer to this work. variation) than geographic position (regional level; 8%) or the neighbouring vegetation (at the plot level; 4%). An overall model including environmental factors at all scales performed better (27%), including the weather (bigger plants in warm and wet conditions), soil type (smaller plants on soils with more sand), and highlighting the negative effects of altitude, neighbouring vegetation and bare soil. Pollen and seed densities varied more than 200-fold between sites, with highest estimates in Croatia, Romania and Hungary. Pollen densities were highest on arable fields, while highest seed densities were found along infrastructure, both significantly higher than on ruderal sites. We discuss implications of these findings for the spatial scale of management interventions against A. artemisiifolia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Explaining variability in the production of seed and allergenic pollen by invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia across Europe

et al. 2017

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“…We set the rate of giant ragweed seedling emergence from the soil seed bank at 18%, based on the findings of Harrison et al [22]. This value lies well within the range (6% to 45%) reported by Wortman et al [43] for giant ragweed seedling emergence across 34 site-year combinations in the north-central U.S. We did not use crop-specific seedling emergence rates, as Goplen et al [23] had reported no differences in giant ragweed emergence among different crops in the first year after seed deposition.…”

Section: Giant Ragweed Demographic Parametersmentioning

confidence: 88%

Cropping System Redesign for Improved Weed Management: A Modeling Approach Illustrated with Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida)

Liebman

Nichols

2020

Agronomy

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Weeds present important challenges to both conventional farmers who rely on herbicides and organic farmers who rely on cultivation. Data from field experiments indicate that diversifying crop sequences with additional species can improve weed suppression when either herbicides or cultivation serve as primary control tactics. Here, we report the results of modeling analyses that investigated how cropping system diversification would affect the population dynamics of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.), an annual dicotyledonous species that is problematic in the central U.S. for both conventional and organic farmers. We found that to prevent an increase in giant ragweed density, the minimum control efficacy needed from herbicides or cultivation used in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) would be 99.0% in a 2-year corn–soybean system, but 91.4% in a 5-year corn–soybean–rye (Secale cereale L.)–alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) system. Thus, the diversified rotation would be better buffered against less-than-perfect weed control during corn and soybean phases. Further modeling analyses indicated that the weed suppression effect associated with greater rotation length was attributable not only to increased crop species richness but also to greater temporal variation in planting dates. A planting interval variation index (PIVI), calculated as the coefficient of variation in months between planting activities, was strongly associated with the weed suppressive ability of the rotations we modeled and may be a useful metric for designing other cropping systems. Overall, our results indicate that diversified rotation systems that include both annual and perennial crops are likely to be valuable for managing problematic weed species.

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“…Unfortunately, detailed information about irrigation management was rarely reported and these effects could not be explored in this meta-analysis. It is also important to note that climate and geographical clines are not always effective predictors of plant response and yield in short-term studies due to the potential for irregular weather events at a given site-year (Wortman et al, 2012b). However, observed annual precipitation and soil temperature (potentially useful and predictive weather variables in this meta-analysis) were not reported in most studies.…”

Section: Climatic Influence On Yield Responsementioning

confidence: 94%

First‐Season Crop Yield Response to Organic Soil Amendments: A Meta‐Analysis

et al. 2017

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Core Ideas Organic amendments are promoted as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fertilizer. Crop yield increased by an average of 43% in the first season after organic soil amendment. Yield benefit from organic amendments was greater in leafy crops than root crops. Poultry manure was commonly used and provided the greatest agronomic benefit. Yield benefit of organic amendment was lower in arid regions with poor soil quality. Organic soil amendments are increasingly promoted as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers and as a tool for building soil quality through improved chemical, physical, and biological properties. However, short‐term yield response to organic amendments is highly variable. A meta‐analysis of 53 studies was conducted to (i) develop a global estimate of first‐season crop yield response to organic amendments, and (ii) determine the effect of crop type, amendment characteristics, soil properties, cultural practices, and climate on the magnitude of this yield response. Yield response ratios were calculated (organic amendment yield compared to a non‐fertilized control) and differences among groups were determined using 95% bootstrap confidence intervals (CI). Across all studies, crop yield increased 43±7% (95% CI) in the first‐season after an organic amendment. Yield response was greatest for leafy crops (71±26% increase) and lowest for root/tuber/bulb crops (29±10% increase). Poultry manure/compost was the most commonly used amendment and provided a yield increase of 76±21%. In contrast, plant‐based amendments increased yield by only 27±9%. Amendment application rate alone was not an effective predictor of yield response, and there were not enough studies available to explore the possible interaction between amendment type and rate. Yield benefits of organic amendments were muted in soils with high organic matter and in arid climates. These results help identify options for maximizing the agronomic value of organic amendments, and suggest research is needed to improve agronomic efficiency of amendments in arid regions with poor soil quality.

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Local Conditions, Not Regional Gradients, Drive Demographic Variation of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) and Common Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Across Northern U.S. Maize Belt

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Explaining variability in the production of seed and allergenic pollen by invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia across Europe

Explaining variability in the production of seed and allergenic pollen by invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia across Europe

Cropping System Redesign for Improved Weed Management: A Modeling Approach Illustrated with Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida)

First‐Season Crop Yield Response to Organic Soil Amendments: A Meta‐Analysis

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