Local and systemic effects of microbiome‐derived metabolites

Spivak, Igor; Fluhr, Leviel; Elinav, Eran

doi:10.15252/embr.202255664

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 249 publications

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“…Cross-validation of age-model species importance demonstrates that key taxa are reproducibly associated with chronological age across non-CF datasets that are compositionally distinct with major differences in prominent phyla such as Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacteria. While the prevalence and relative abundance of species like F. prausnitzii therefore represents a biomarker of age, it is important to note that many important age-model species are themselves found at high levels in the adult microbiome and have been implicated in vital functions such as the production of SCFA and other metabolites that impact host physiology at both local and distal sites 54,55 . Altered microbiome maturation therefore is likely to reflect fundamental consequences for both taxonomic composition and function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent delay in maturation of the developing gut microbiota in infants with cystic fibrosis

Salerno

Verster

Valls³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The healthy human infant gut microbiome undergoes stereotypical changes in taxonomic composition between birth and maturation to an adult-like stable state. During this time, extensive communication between microbiota and the host immune system contributes to health status later in life. Although there are many reported associations between microbiota compositional alterations and disease in adults, less is known about how microbiome development is altered in pediatric diseases. One pediatric disease linked to altered gut microbiota composition is cystic fibrosis (CF), a multi-organ genetic disease involving impaired chloride secretion across epithelia and heightened inflammation both in the gut and at other body sites. Here, we use shotgun metagenomics to profile the strain-level composition and developmental dynamics of the infant fecal microbiota from several CF and non-CF longitudinal cohorts spanning from birth to greater than 36 months of life. We identify a set of keystone species whose prevalence and abundance reproducibly define microbiota development in early life in non-CF infants, but are missing or decreased in relative abundance in infants with CF. The consequences of these CF-specific differences in gut microbiota composition and dynamics are a delayed pattern of microbiota maturation, persistent entrenchment in a transitional developmental phase, and subsequent failure to attain an adult-like stable microbiota. We also detect the increased relative abundance of oral-derived bacteria and higher levels of fungi in CF, features that are associated with decreased gut bacterial density in inflammatory bowel diseases. Our results define key differences in the gut microbiota during ontogeny in CF and suggest the potential for directed therapies to overcome developmental delays in microbiota maturation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent delay in maturation of the developing gut microbiota in infants with cystic fibrosis

Salerno

Verster

Valls³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The underlying mechanisms by which the gut is mediating this inter-organ communication remain incompletely understood. Several studies have demonstrated a role for metabolites and other bacteria-derived products 11 , others have identified live bacteria as possible conduits 12,13 . Another way in which the intestines might exert systemic influences is via migration of gut immunocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic atlas of immunocyte migration from the gut

Galván-Peña

Zhu

Hanna

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota impacts several systemic diseases. One possible mechanism is the migration of perturbed intestinal immunocytes to extra-intestinal tissues. Combining the Kaede photoconvertible mouse model and single-cell genomics, we generated a detailed map of migratory trajectories from the colon, at baseline and during intestinal and extra-intestinal inflammation. All colonic lineages emigrated from the colon in an S1P-dependent manner, dominated by B lymphocytes with a large continuous circulation of follicular B cells, which carried a gut-imprinted transcriptomic signature. T cell emigration was more selective, with distinct groups of RORγ+or IEL-like CD160+cells in the spleen. Gut inflammation curtailed emigration, except for DCs disseminating to lymph nodes. Colon emigrating cells distributed differentially to tumor, skin inflammation, or arthritic synovium, the former dominated by myeloid cells in a chemokine-dependent manner. These results thus reveal specific cellular trails originating in the gut, influenced by microbiota, which can shape peripheral immunity.

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“…Indeed, the effect of (poly)phenols in the organism indirectly involves bile acid metabolism, which can impact EE through the action of thyroid hormone system in the skeletal muscle. [35,36] After analyzing the seasonal effects of CG and OG consumption in the WAT, we clearly observed an influence of their specific composition in animals raised under L12 and L18 photoperiods. However, for the group that simulates the harvesting season of grapes (L6), the impact of both CG and OG intake was very similar, mainly resulting in a significant decrease of the expression of most genes in rWAT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Vitis vinifera L. Bioactive Components Modulate Adipose Tissue Metabolic Markers of Healthy Rats in a Photoperiod‐Dependent Manner

Navarro‐Masip

Manocchio

Colom‐Pellicer

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeThe beneficial health effects of (poly)phenol‐rich foods such as red grapes mainly depend on both the type and concentration of (poly)phenols. Since fruit (poly)phenol content is influenced by growing conditions, the study examines the seasonal effects of red grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), grown under various cultivation conditions, on metabolic markers of adipose tissue in healthy rats.Methods and resultsFor this purpose, Fischer 344 rats are exposed into three different light‐dark cycles and daily supplemented with 100 mg kg−1 of either conventionally or organically grown red grapes for 10 weeks (n = 6). Seasonal consumption of organic grapes (OGs), which are richer in anthocyanins, increases energy expenditure (EE) of animals exposed to long photoperiod and enhances uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein expression in brown adipose tissue of animals under standard photoperiod. Additionally, red grape consumption affects the gene expression profile of white adipose tissue (WAT), upregulating browning markers of subcutaneous WAT in 12 h light (L12) and 18 h light (L18) photoperiods, and downregulating adipogenic and lipolytic markers of visceral WAT in 6 h light (L6) and L12 photoperiods.ConclusionsThese results clearly show that bioactive compounds of grapes can modulate the metabolic markers of white and brown adipose tissues in a photoperiod and depot‐dependent manner, partly affecting EE when consumed out of season.

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Local and systemic effects of microbiome‐derived metabolites

Cited by 29 publications

References 249 publications

Persistent delay in maturation of the developing gut microbiota in infants with cystic fibrosis

Persistent delay in maturation of the developing gut microbiota in infants with cystic fibrosis

A dynamic atlas of immunocyte migration from the gut

Vitis vinifera L. Bioactive Components Modulate Adipose Tissue Metabolic Markers of Healthy Rats in a Photoperiod‐Dependent Manner

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