Local and remote climatic impacts due to land use degradation in the Amazon “Arc of Deforestation”

Silva, Maria Elisa Siqueira; Pereira, Gabriel; Rocha, Rosmeri Porfírio da

doi:10.1007/s00704-015-1516-9

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Warming at low levels of the atmosphere contributes to decreasing the surface pressure and, as a consequence, it develops a thermal low (Figure 3b). This signal was also found by other deforestation studies over the AMZ, such as [24,25].…”

Section: Effects Of Deforestationsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…A decrease in precipitation mainly over the eastern Amazon in a deforestation scenario using the Regional Climate Model (RegCM3) was also found by Silva, M.E.S. et al [25]. According to [6], over deforested areas, the albedo-induced decrease in surface net radiation reduces the overall amount of energy transferred to the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…For example, Silva, M.E.S. et al [25] obtained a dipole oriented from the northwest (decrease of rainfall) to the southeast (increase of rainfall) direction. Figure 5b accounts only convective precipitation.…”

Section: Effects Of Deforestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Land Use Change over the Amazon Forest and Its Impact on the Local Climate

Llopart

Reboita

Coppola

et al. 2018

Water

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One of the most important anthropogenic influences on climate is land use change (LUC).In particular, the Amazon (AMZ) basin is a highly vulnerable area to climate change due to substantial modifications of the hydroclimatology of the region expected as a result of LUC. However, both the magnitude of these changes and the physical process underlying this scenario are still uncertain. This work aims to analyze the simulated Amazon deforestation and its impacts on local mean climate. We used the Common Land Model (CLM) version 4.5 coupled with the Regional Climate Model (RegCM4) over the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) South America domain. We performed one simulation with the RegCM4 default land cover map (CTRL) and one simulation under a scenario of deforestation (LUC), i.e., replacing broadleaf evergreen trees with C 3 grass over the Amazon basin. Both simulations were driven by ERA Interim reanalysis from 1979 to 2009. The climate change signal due to AMZ deforestation was evaluated by comparing the climatology of CTRL with LUC. Concerning the temperature, the deforested areas are about 2 • C warmer compared to the CTRL experiment, which contributes to decrease the surface pressure. Higher air temperature is associated with a decrease of the latent heat flux and an increase of the sensible heat flux over the deforested areas. AMZ deforestation induces a dipole pattern response in the precipitation over the region: a reduction over the west (about 7.9%) and an increase over the east (about 8.3%). Analyzing the water balance in the atmospheric column over the AMZ basin, the results show that under the deforestation scenario the land surface processes play an important role and drive the precipitation in the western AMZ; on the other hand, on the east side, the large scale circulation drives the precipitation change signal. Dipole patterns over scenarios of deforestation in the Amazon was also found by other authors, but the precipitation decrease on the west side was never fully explained. Using budget equations, this work highlights the physical processes that control the climate in the Amazon basin under a deforestation scenario.

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Section: Effects Of Deforestationsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

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Land Use Change over the Amazon Forest and Its Impact on the Local Climate

Llopart

Reboita

Coppola

et al. 2018

Water

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“…The warmer contribues to decrease the surface pressure and, as a consequence, a thermal low may be formed (Figure 2b). This signal was also found by other deforestation studies over AMZ, such as: [14] and [15].…”

Section: Effects Of Deforestationsupporting

confidence: 85%

<span>Land use change over Amazon Forest and its impact on the climate</span>

Llopart

Reboita

Rocha

2017

Proceedings of First International Electronic Conference on the Hydrological Cycle

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This study describes the physical processes associated with the impact of the Amazon (AMZ) deforestation on the climate in the north-northwest sector of South America (SA). Two simulations with RegCM4, from 1979 to 2009, were carried out: one using a default land cover map (CTRL) and other one using deforestation scenario (LUC), i.e., all broadleaf evergreen trees tropical were changed by C3 grass. RegCM4 was integrated with a horizontal grid spacing of about 50 km and considering 18 sigma-pressure vertical levels for SA CORDEX domain. The lateral and boundary conditions for driving the model were obtained from the ERA-Interim reanalysis. The climate change signal due to AMZ deforestation was evaluated by comparing the climatology of the CTRL with the LUC experiment. AMZ deforestation causes a dipolar response in the precipitation consisting of reduced (increased) precipitation over western (eastern) side of the basin. Concerning the temperature, there is a warmer anomaly over the deforested areas, and it contributes to decrease the surface pressure. The higher air temperature is associated with an increase of the sensible heat flux and a decrease of the latent heat flux over the deforested areas.

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“…Increases in nonprecipitation clouds and a decrease in the dry season precipitation have been observed over deforested areas in Amazonia (95). Modeling studies simulating the rainforest replacement by pasture also showed a decrease in rainfall with an increase in deforested areas (7,91,92,(96)(97)(98). The extent of total deforested area also matters, with greater effects occurring for deforested areas exceeding 40% of the total area covered by forests (91).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use and climate change risks in the Amazon and the need of a novel sustainable development paradigm

Nobre

Sampaio

Borma

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

680

449

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For half a century, the process of economic integration of the Amazon has been based on intensive use of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources, which has brought significant basin-wide environmental alterations. The rural development in the Amazonia pushed the agricultural frontier swiftly, resulting in widespread land-cover change, but agriculture in the Amazon has been of low productivity and unsustainable. The loss of biodiversity and continued deforestation will lead to high risks of irreversible change of its tropical forests. It has been established by modeling studies that the Amazon may have two "tipping points," namely, temperature increase of 4°C or deforestation exceeding 40% of the forest area. If transgressed, large-scale "savannization" of mostly southern and eastern Amazon may take place. The region has warmed about 1°C over the last 60 y, and total deforestation is reaching 20% of the forested area. The recent significant reductions in deforestation-80% reduction in the Brazilian Amazon in the last decade-opens up opportunities for a novel sustainable development paradigm for the future of the Amazon. We argue for a new development paradigm-away from only attempting to reconcile maximizing conservation versus intensification of traditional agriculture and expansion of hydropower capacity-in which we research, develop, and scale a high-tech innovation approach that sees the Amazon as a global public good of biological assets that can enable the creation of innovative high-value products, services, and platforms through combining advanced digital, biological, and material technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in progress.Amazon tropical forests | Amazon sustainability | Amazon land use | Amazon savannization | climate change impacts

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Local and remote climatic impacts due to land use degradation in the Amazon “Arc of Deforestation”

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

Land Use Change over the Amazon Forest and Its Impact on the Local Climate

Land Use Change over the Amazon Forest and Its Impact on the Local Climate

<span>Land use change over Amazon Forest and its impact on the climate</span>

Land-use and climate change risks in the Amazon and the need of a novel sustainable development paradigm

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