Local adaptation reduces the metabolic cost of environmental warming

Moffett, Emma R.; Fryxell, David C.; Palkovacs, Eric P.; Kinnison, Michael T.; Simon, Kevin S.

doi:10.1002/ecy.2463

Cited by 40 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Individuals would reduce their metabolic thermal sensitivity to mitigate the increase in energy expenditure with warming, leading to lower activation energy values than the predicted 0.65 eV. Consistent with this hypothesis, Moffett et al (2018) reported that populations from warmer habitats have a lower thermal sensitivity than populations from cooler habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…This hypothesis could explain the overall body size reduction observed within ectotherm populations from various ecosystems (Daufresne et al 2009, Gardner et al 2011, Forster et al 2012. Such a selection would drive populations to have even higher energy requirements than predicted by the MTE as the per unit of mass energy requirement decreases with body mass (Moffett et al 2018). However, adaptive processes associated with selection on metabolic thermal traits could be expected to balance this energetic disequilibrium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Our results of consistent differences in the thermal sensitivity of individuals suggest the presence of different 'thermal types' (Artacho et al 2013, Goulet et al 2016, Mell et al 2016, with 'fast' ones being more sensitive to rising temperature than 'slow' ones. Because high metabolic rate is often associated with high fitness costs (Baudron et al 2014, Moffett et al 2018, we may hypothesise that with global warming, 'fast type' individuals will be counter-selected as their metabolic rate increases faster with temperature than in 'slow type' ones. Moreover, body mass variation among individuals may play an important role in the evolutionary response to warming as larger individuals have higher metabolic expression level (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Réveillon

Rota

Chauvet

et al. 2019

Oikos

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Assessing whether trait variations among individuals are consistent over time and among environmental conditions is crucial to understand evolutionary responses to new selective pressures such as climate change. According to the universal thermal dependence hypothesis, thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate should not vary strongly and consistently among organisms, implying limited evolutionary response for metabolic traits under climate change. However, this hypothesis has been rarely tested at an individual level, leaving a gap in our understanding of climate change impacts on metabolic responses and their potential evolution. Using the amphipod Gammarus fossarum, we investigated the variability and repeatability of individual metabolic thermal reaction norms over time. We found large variations in both the thermal sensitivity (i.e. slope) and expression level (i.e. intercept) of individual metabolic reaction norms. Moreover, differences among individuals were consistent over time, and therefore repeatable. Inter‐individual variations in body mass resulted in a high repeatability of metabolic expression level but had no significant effect on the repeatability of thermal sensitivity. Overall, our results highlight that inter‐individual variability and repeatability of thermal reaction norms can be substantial. We conclude that these consistent differences among individuals should not be overlooked when apprehending the ecological and evolutionary effects of climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Réveillon

Rota

Chauvet

et al. 2019

Oikos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, in nature, warmer-source populations were not able to sustain this high reproduction to later ages and larger sizes, probably Although our data suggest that altered fecundity selection may contribute to the evolution of earlier and greater reproduction at a smaller size, our past work on mosquitofish populations in these geothermal springs also indicates that other forms of natural selection may be altered at warmer temperatures. In the wild, average female body sizes are smaller at warmer temperatures [50]. Female mosquitofish grow continuously throughout life, and their growth rates generally increase with temperature [51,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent warming reduces the reproductive advantage of large size and contributes to evolutionary downsizing in nature

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Body size is a key functional trait that is predicted to decline under warming. Warming is known to cause size declines via phenotypic plasticity, but evolutionary responses of body size to warming are poorly understood. To test for warming-induced evolutionary responses of body size and growth rates, we used populations of mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis ) recently established (less than 100 years) from a common source across a strong thermal gradient (19–33°C) created by geothermal springs. Each spring is remarkably stable in temperature and is virtually closed to gene flow from other thermal environments. Field surveys show that with increasing site temperature, body size distributions become smaller and the reproductive advantage of larger body size decreases. After common rearing to reveal recently evolved trait differences, warmer-source populations expressed slowed juvenile growth rates and increased reproductive effort at small sizes. These results are consistent with an adaptive basis of the plastic temperature–size rule, and they suggest that temperature itself can drive the evolution of countergradient variation in growth rates. The rapid evolution of reduced juvenile growth rates and greater reproduction at a small size should contribute to substantial body downsizing in populations, with implications for population dynamics and for ecosystems in a warming world.

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“…if the model represents ecological timescales). On these timescales, we assume that adaptive responses are negligible (but see Sandblom et al ., 2016; Moffett et al ., 2018). We investigate overall fitness with respect to temperature by calculating, the lifetime reproductive output, for a given MRN and trait parameters—we thus do not consider evolutionary consequences of changes in fitness here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal performance of fish is explained by an interplay between physiology, behaviour and ecology

Neubauer

Andersen

2019

Conservation Physiology

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Increasing temperatures under climate change are thought to affect individual physiology of fish and other ectotherms through increases in metabolic demands, leading to changes in species performance with concomitant effects on species ecology. Although intuitively appealing, the driving mechanism behind thermal performance is contested; thermal performance (e.g. growth) appears correlated with metabolic scope (i.e. oxygen availability for activity) for a number of species, but a substantial number of datasets do not support oxygen limitation of long-term performance. Whether or not oxygen limitations via the metabolic scope, or a lack thereof, have major ecological consequences remains a highly contested question. size and trait-based model of energy and oxygen budgets to determine the relative influence of metabolic rates, oxygen limitation and environmental conditions on ectotherm performance. We show that oxygen limitation is not necessary to explain performance variation with temperature. Oxygen can drastically limit performance and fitness, especially at temperature extremes, but changes in thermal performance are primarily driven by the interplay between changing metabolic rates and species ecology. Furthermore, our model reveals that fitness trends with temperature can oppose trends in growth, suggesting a potential explanation for the paradox that species often occur at lower temperatures than their growth optimum. Our model provides a mechanistic underpinning that can provide general and realistic predictions about temperature impacts on the performance of fish and other ectotherms and function as a null model for contrasting temperature impacts on species with different metabolic and ecological traits.

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Local adaptation reduces the metabolic cost of environmental warming

Cited by 40 publications

References 57 publications

Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Recent warming reduces the reproductive advantage of large size and contributes to evolutionary downsizing in nature

Thermal performance of fish is explained by an interplay between physiology, behaviour and ecology

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