Local adaptation of antipredator behaviors in populations of a temperate reef fish

Satterfield, Darien R.; Johnson, Donald B.

doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04757-y

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Importantly, our simulations suggested that the harvest slot's maximum length limit did not alter the shape of selection but served to reduce fishing mortality relative to the minimum length limit alone, and therefore, adding a maximum length limit to a minimum length limit could slow rate of impacts from size-selective harvest (42,78,79). Regulations that directly limit fishing mortality such as harvest tags (80), caps on the angling licenses released, genetic management (81), or well-enforced and properly designed protected areas (33,82) may therefore be the most effective at mitigating the impacts of selective harvest. Empirical data on the impact harvest regulations have on harvest selection from wild fisheries represents an important research frontier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, models comparing life history outcomes emerging from either purely behavioral to purely sizedependent vulnerability to capture demonstrate that behavioral selection can create the same pressures and ultimately evolutionary outcomes as size-selective capture and, depending on context, either favor bold or shy fish (30,31). As personality traits are known to have a heritable component (32,33) and vary consistently among individuals (34,35), the selective capture of active, aggressive, and bold fish may ultimately promote the emergence of timid populations (10,19,27). Independent of life history adaptations, these changes may also disrupt the "pace-of-life" syndrome and the correlation of behavior and life history (24,36,37).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish

Monk

Bekkevold

Klefoth

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Harvest of fish and wildlife, both commercial and recreational, is a selective force that can induce evolutionary changes to life history and behavior. Naturally selective forces may create countering selection pressures. Assessing natural fitness represents a considerable challenge in broadcast spawners. Thus, our understanding about the relative strength of natural and fisheries selection is slim. In the field, we compared the strength and shape of harvest selection to natural selection on body size over four years and behavior over one year in a natural population of a freshwater top predator, the northern pike (Esox lucius). Natural selection was approximated by relative reproductive success via parent–offspring genetic assignments over four years. Harvest selection was measured by comparing individuals susceptible to recreational angling with individuals never captured by this gear type. Individual behavior was measured by high-resolution acoustic telemetry. Harvest and natural size selection operated with equal strength but opposing directions, and harvest size selection was consistently negative in all study years. Harvest selection also had a substantial behavioral component independent of body length, while natural behavioral selection was not documented, suggesting the potential for directional harvest selection favoring inactive, timid fish. Simulations of the outcomes of different fishing regulations showed that traditional minimum size-based harvest limits are unlikely to counteract harvest selection without being completely restrictive. Our study suggests harvest selection may be inevitable and recreational fisheries may thus favor small, inactive, shy, and difficult-to-capture fish. Increasing fractions of shy fish in angling-exploited stocks would have consequences for stock assessment and all fisheries operating with hook and line.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish

Monk

Bekkevold

Klefoth

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…We investigated the effects of culling on the behavior of invasive lionfish in the Mediterranean and found that in this population repeated culling resulted in subtle behavioral differences when compared to lionfish that had not experienced intensive culling events. This is remarkable as strong behavioral changes caused by spearfishing are well established in fishes in general and for lionfish, and are often retained for years (Côté et al, 2014; Januchowski‐hartley et al, 2011; Satterfield & Johnson, 2020; Sbragaglia et al, 2018). In our study, activity level was the only measure significantly affected by culling, while other measures such as flight initiation distance, burst distance, and hiding score showed no significant difference between culled and unculled sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited effects of culling on the behavior of invasive lionfish (Pterois miles) in the Mediterranean

Phillips,

Bottacini,

Schoonhoven

et al. 2024

Journal of Fish Biology

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Invasive species pose serious threats to ecosystems. To reduce ecological and economic consequences of invasions, efforts are made to control invaders and evaluating the effects of such efforts is paramount. Lionfishes (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) are native to the Indo‐Pacific Ocean and pose a major threat to local ecosystems in the invaded Atlantic and Mediterranean. Culling via spearfishing is a widespread measure to limit lionfish population size in invaded ranges. However, like most hunted fishes, lionfish alter their behavior after repeated culling, potentially decreasing the effectiveness of future culls. Previous studies on lionfish in the Caribbean have shown that lionfish are less bold after repeated culling. However, the impact of culling on lionfish in their newest invasive range, the Mediterranean, remains enigmatic. To determine the behavioral changes in response to culling in this second area of invasion, we tested for effects of culling on the behavior of lionfish in Cyprus, a region heavily impacted by the lionfish invasion in the Mediterranean. We compared the response of lionfish to an approaching free diver holding a metal pole (imitating a spear fisher) between protected areas where spearfishing is restricted and areas where culls are frequently conducted. We also assessed whether activity, hiding pattern, and site fidelity differed between these culled and unculled sites. Overall, we found limited effects of culling on the traits measured, indicating surprising resistance to culling‐induced behavioral changes in Mediterranean lionfish. Future studies should monitor invasive lionfish population densities and the effects of culling in more detail to tailor management plans and reduce the negative effects of these fish in specific invaded ranges.

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“…Flight tests elicit a response among subjects, but do not require trapping or handling, minimizing stress to subject animals and disturbance to the local habitat. Flight tests have been an integral component of a range of studies addressing diverse research questions related to energetic influences on behavior, behavioral strategies in reproduction, behavioral adaptations to local environmental conditions, species distributions based on interactions between behavior and habitat, and behavioral responses to climate change ( Shuai et al, 2019 , 2022 ; Pereira et al, 2020 ; Satterfeld and Johnson, 2020 ; Stamoulis et al, 2020 ; Díaz et al, 2021 ; Hamao et al, 2021 ; Ventura et al, 2021 ; Mikula et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Temperamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal-friendly behavioral testing in field studies: examples from ground squirrels

Nunes

2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Field studies of behavior provide insight into the expression of behavior in its natural ecological context and can serve as an important complement to behavioral studies conducted in the lab under controlled conditions. In addition to naturalistic observations, behavioral testing can be an important component of field studies of behavior. This mini review evaluates a sample of behavioral testing methods in field studies to identify ways in which behavioral testing can be animal-friendly and generate ethologically relevant data. Specific examples, primarily from studies of ground squirrels, are presented to illustrate ways in which principles of animal-friendly behavioral testing can be applied to and guide testing methods. Tests conducted with animals in their natural habitat and that elicit naturally occurring behavioral responses can minimize stress and disturbance for animals, as well as disruption of the larger ecosystem, and can have high ethological validity. When animals are trapped or handled as part of a study, behavioral testing can be incorporated into handling procedures to reduce overall disturbance. When behavior is evaluated in a testing arena, the arena can be designed to resemble natural conditions to increase the ethological relevance of the test. Efforts to minimize time spent in testing arenas can also reduce disturbance to animals. Adapting a behavioral test to a species or habitat conditions can facilitate reduced disruption to subjects and increased ethological relevance of the test.

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Local adaptation of antipredator behaviors in populations of a temperate reef fish

Cited by 5 publications

References 102 publications

The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish

The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish

Limited effects of culling on the behavior of invasive lionfish (Pterois miles) in the Mediterranean

Animal-friendly behavioral testing in field studies: examples from ground squirrels

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