Local Action of Progesterone Leading to Polyspermic Fertilization in Pigs

Hunter, Richard

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0310433

Cited by 80 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Furthermore, there is now circumstantial evidence that the peri-ovulatory events that facilitate redistribution of spermatozoa in the oviduct may themselves promote hyperactivated motility in preparation for penetration of the egg investments (discussed by Hunter & Nichol, 1983). Co¬ ordination of these events, in part at least, is thought to be achieved by a local transfer to the oviduct tissues of high concentrations of ovarian follicular hormones, especially progesterone , and an involvement of progesterone in sperm transport and oviduct contractions has been demonstrated directly (Hunter, 1972;Battalia & Yanagimachi, 1980 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-ovulatory arrest and peri-ovulatory redistribution of competent spermatozoa in the isthmus of the pig oviduct

Hunter¹

1984

Reproduction

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154

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Summary. Using the surgical approach of post-coital ligation and transection of the distal oviduct at different times relative to ovulation, together with subsequent recovery of the eggs, gilts mated at the onset of oestrus were studied for progression of viable spermatozoa within the isthmus. Results are derived from 76 animals and examination of 1047 eggs.Transection of the isthmus 1\ m=. \ 5\ p=n-\ 2\ m=. \ 0cm proximal to the utero-tubal junction at intervals from 3 to 36 h after mating prevented fertilization in 269 of 270 eggs, whereas 98% of 223 eggs were fertilized in the control oviducts. Transection at 38 h ( pr e\ x=r eq-\ ovulatory), 40 h (peri-ovulatory) and 42\p=n-\44 h (post-ovulatory) after mating yielded, respectively, 5%, 40% and 100% fertilization. The mean number of spermatozoa associated with the zona pellucida increased in a parallel manner. These results, and those obtained with ligatures placed closer to the site of fertilization just after ovulation, indicate a pre-ovulatory arrest of viable spermatozoa in the caudal region of the isthmus for 36 h or more followed by an active ad-ovarian redistribution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-ovulatory arrest and peri-ovulatory redistribution of competent spermatozoa in the isthmus of the pig oviduct

Hunter¹

1984

Reproduction

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154

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“…The contralateral oviduct acted as a control, receiving a similar distribution of microinjections but only of the oil vehicle. The results based on 344 eggs from 30 animals revealed an incidence of polyspermy of 32.3% in the progesterone-treated oviduct compared with 9.7% in the control oviduct (Hunter, 1972). Local microinjections of the progesterone solution at a greater interval before ovulation might perhaps have increased the incidence of polyspermic fertilisation, since this would have permitted a longer interval in which to achieve relaxation of the myosalpinx and reduction of oedema in the mucosa, thereby increasing the patency of the duct.…”

Section: Microinjections Of Progesterone Solutionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Oviduct function in pigs, with particular reference to the pathological condition of polyspermy

Hunter

1991

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Because the exceptionally high incidence of polyspermic fertilisation has been emphasised as a major defect in systems of in vitro fertilisation in pigs, the aetiology of the condition has been analysed in a series of experiments in vivo in the search for a common underlying cause and possible means of mitigation. Whereas the defense mechanism against polyspermy in pig oocytes is classically viewed as a zona reaction, more recent evidence suggests a secondary block at the vitelline surface. Both blocks may be compromised in situations leading to polyspermy, although deleterious influences seem to be expressed principally in an inadequate zona block, as judged by the presence of perivitelline spermatozoa.Postovulatory aging of mammalian oocytes prior to sperm penetration leads to polyspermy, as can be demonstrated in pig eggs. The primary lesion may concern the cortical reaction, owing to a delayed and incomplete exocytosis of the vesicular contents. Eggs ovulated after gonadotrophin treatment during the luteal phase of the cycle show a high incidence of polyspermic penetration (60.6%), as do those shed at estrus in animals treated with progesterone systemically (40%) or by local microinjections in the oviduct wall (32.3%). Whereas progesterone may be modifying interactions of the gametes and responses of the egg organelles in all four above experimental situations, enhanced numbers of spermatozoa ascending a more patent isthmus appear to be the principal cause of polyspermy. Support for this hypothesis comes from isthmus resection with re-anastomosis of remaining portions of the oviduct (32.4% polyspermy), and surgical insemination directly into the oviducts (33.8% polyspermy). Recent experiments draw attention to a role for oviduct epithelial glycoproteins in modulating the extent of polyspermy in vitro. The role of such oviduct macromolecules in gamete interactions in vivo is considered.

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“…Semi-diagrammatic illustration of one Fallopian tube, proximal uterine horn and portion of a pig ovary bearing pre-ovulatory follicles. Microdroplets of a solution of progesterone in oil injected beneath the serosal layer surrounding the distal isthmus and utero-tubal junction resulted in a 33% incidence of polyspermy in the eggs subsequently recovered from this tube [36]. before ovulation (Fig.…”

Section: Functional Sperm Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fallopian tubes in domestic mammals: how vital is their physiological activity?

Hunter¹

2005

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Set in an historical perspective, this essay examines diverse physiological aspects of Fallopian tube function in domestic animals and man. Microsurgical experiments are described that established the role of the isthmus in imposing a sperm gradient up to the site of fertilisation. Resection of the isthmus followed by reanastomosis of the remaining portions of the tube generated a high incidence of polyspermy in mated animals. Scanning electron microscopy and surgical studies revealed that spermatozoa were arrested and stored in the caudal portion of the isthmus before ovulation, the so-called functional sperm reservoir. There were specific adhesion contacts between the sperm head and endosalpingeal microvilli or cilia. Further experiments indicated that very large numbers of competent spermatozoa could be released from pre-ovulatory binding by microinjections of a solution of progesterone in oil under the serosal layer of the tube: when suitably timed, such treatment led to a high incidence of polyspermic fertilisation. Avid sperm binding in the caudal isthmus before ovulation prevents myosalpingeal activity leading to abnormal fertilisation, as might occur with multiple mating. Temperatures in the reproductive system were assessed and the caudal isthmus was found to be cooler than the ampulla during the pre-ovulatory phase of sperm storage. Finally, the existence of fluid microenvironments within the Fallopian tubes was reported, and the role of suspended cumulus-corona cells in amplifying signals from the zygote examined. An impact of Fallopian tube fluids on embryonic gene expression was also considered -an influence that may be further imposed if such fluids have access to the uterine lumen. tubal anastomosis / isthmus / sperm gradient / fertilisation / polyspermy / microenvironments / temperature

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Local Action of Progesterone Leading to Polyspermic Fertilization in Pigs

Cited by 80 publications

References 17 publications

Pre-ovulatory arrest and peri-ovulatory redistribution of competent spermatozoa in the isthmus of the pig oviduct

Pre-ovulatory arrest and peri-ovulatory redistribution of competent spermatozoa in the isthmus of the pig oviduct

Oviduct function in pigs, with particular reference to the pathological condition of polyspermy

The Fallopian tubes in domestic mammals: how vital is their physiological activity?

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